铜冶炼渣分离有色金属铁及制备氧化铁黄颜料研究

杨一帆; 伊元荣; 阿斯古丽·阿不都吾甫尔; 高翔; 马硕; 刘怡彤

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202511020

铜冶炼渣分离有色金属铁及制备氧化铁黄颜料研究

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202511020

1. 新疆大学生态与环境学院, 乌鲁木齐 830000;
2. 新疆有色金属研究所选矿技术部, 乌鲁木齐 830000

基金项目:

新疆自然科学基金项目（2022D01C388）；新疆自治区重点研发项目（2023B03007）

详细信息

作者简介:
杨一帆（1999—），男，硕士，主要研究方向为固体废物资源化利用。386393044@qq.com

通讯作者:
伊元荣（1974—），女，教授，主要研究方向为固体废物资源化利用。yyrhyw@163.com

计量
- 文章访问数: 60
- HTML全文浏览量: 18
- PDF下载量: 0
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-12-26
- 录用日期: 2025-02-26
- 修回日期: 2025-02-01
- 网络出版日期: 2026-01-09

Separation of non-ferrous iron from copper smelting slag and preparation of iron oxide yellow pigment

1. College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830000, China;
2. Mineral Processing Technology Department, Xinjiang Institute of Non-Ferrous Metals, Urumqi 830000, China

摘要

摘要: 全球每年产出的铜冶炼渣量超过5000万t，而堆垛为当前主流的铜冶炼渣处理方式，其存在重金属溢出风险与潜在环境污染问题。以铜冶炼渣为原材料，通过硫酸酸浸法提取有色金属铁制备硫酸亚铁溶液，利用空气氧化法制备氧化铁黄颜料。实验深入探究了浸出液浓度、空气流量、温度、时间、pH以及晶种添加量等关键参数的影响，研究结果表明，浸出温度设定为95 ℃、浸出时长为2 h、液固比为5∶1时，铜冶炼渣中铁的浸出率高达96.5%。；当晶种比为33%、氧化时间为50 h、通气量为0.8 m³/h、终点pH值调控至3.5时，氧化铁黄颜料中Fe₂O₃的含量达到86.4%。该工艺方法具有原料来源广、实验操作简单等优点，为铜冶炼渣资源化利用提供新的借鉴方法。
- 铜冶炼渣 /
- 氧化铁黄 /
- 硫酸酸浸 /
- 氧化净化
Abstract: The annual output of copper smelting slag in the world exceeds 50 million tons， and stacking is the current mainstream copper smelting slag treatment method， which causes the risk of heavy metal overflow and potential environmental pollution. In this paper， non-ferrous iron was extracted from copper smelting slag by sulfuric acid leaching to prepare ferrous sulfate solution， and then iron oxide yellow pigment was prepared by air oxidation. The influence of key parameters， such as leaching liquid concentration， air flow， temperature， treating time， raw material particle size and crystal seed addition was investigated by the experiments. The results showed that when the leaching temperature was set at 95 ℃， the leaching time was 2 hours， and the liquid-solid ratio was 5∶1， the leaching efficiency of iron in copper smelting slag was as high as 96.5%. When the ratio of crystal to seed was 33%， the oxidation time was 50 h， the air volume was 0.8 m³/h， and the terminal pH value was adjusted to 3.5， the content of Fe₂O₃ in the prepared iron oxide yellow pigment reached 86.4%. This process has the advantages of wide availability of raw materials and simple experimental operation， and provides a new utilization path for copper smelting slag.
- copper smelting slag /
- iron oxide yellow /
- sulfuric acid leaching /
- oxidation purification

HTML全文

参考文献(35)

[1]	POTYSZ A，VAN HULLEBUSCH E D，KIERCZAK J，et al. Copper metallurgical slags-current knowledge and fate：a review［J］. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology，2015，45（22）：2424-2488.
[2]	PHIRI T C，SINGH P，NIKOLOSKI A N. The potential for copper slag waste as a resource for a circular economy：a review-part II［J］. Minerals Engineering，2021，172：107150.
[3]	ZHOU W T，LIU X，Lu X J，et al. Extraction and separation of copper and iron from copper smelting slag：a review［J］. Journal of Cleaner Production，2022，368：132144.
[4]	JUN H，ZHI H D，Zhang T A，et al. Energy conservation and emission reduction through utilization of latent heat of copper slag for iron and copper recovery［J］. Journal of Cleaner Production，2024，436：140602.
[5]	WANG G J，ZHAO J X，CAO G，et al. Melting temperature control of nickel smelting slag based on slag adjustment for iron extraction［J］. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals，2024，34（1），292-301. 王冠杰，赵俊学，曹赓，等. 基于调渣提铁的镍冶炼渣熔化温度调控［J］. 中国有色金属学报，2024，34（1）：292-301.
[6]	LI M，ZHANG Y，WANG X H，et al. Extraction of copper，zinc and cadmium from copper-cadmium-bearing slag by oxidative acid leaching process［J］. Rare Metals，2021，40（10）：2975-2984.
[7]	ZOLOTOVA E S，IVANOVA N S，RYABININ V F，et al. Element mobility from the copper smelting slag recycling waste into forest soils of the taiga in middle Urals［J］. Environmental Science And Pollution Research International，2020，28（1）：1141-1150.
[8]	ZHANG B J，Zhang T A，NIU L P，et al. Moderate dilution of copper slag by natural gas［J］. JOM，2018，70（1）：47-52.
[9]	JIANG P G，LIU J S，XIAO Y Y，et al. Recovery of iron from copper slag via modified roasting in CO-CO₂ mixed gas and magnetic separation［J］. Journal of Iron and Steel Research International，2020，27（5）：543-551.
[10]	HUANG F R，LIAO Y L，ZHOU J，et al. Selective recovery of valuable metals from nickel converter slag at elevated temperature with sulfuric acid solution［J］. Separation and Purification Technology，2015，156：572-581.
[11]	KUCHARSKI，MARIAN，SAK，et al. A study on the copper recovery from the slag of the outokumpu direct-to-copper process［J］. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions，2014，45（2）：590-602.
[12]	WU L S，LI H，LIU K L，et al. An efficient approach to utilize copper smelting slag：separating nonferrous metals and reducing iron oxide at high temperature［J］. Waste Management，2023，172：182-191.
[13]	QiIN Z L，XIAO J H，ZHANG J H. A new eco-friendly approach for recovery of iron from copper smelting slag：using co2 and cl2 recycling strategies［J］. Process Safety and Environmental Protection，2024，189：1207-1216.
[14]	YASWANTH K K，REVATHY J，GAJALAKSHMI P. Influence of copper slag on mechanical，durability and microstructural properties of GGBS and RHA blended strain hardening geopolymer composites［J］. Construction and Building Materials，2022，342：128042.
[15]	HE Z W，HU X J，CHOU K C. Synergetic modification of industrial basic oxygen furnace slag and copper slag for efficient iron recovery［J］. Process Safety and Environmental Protection，2022，165：487-495.
[16]	PENG B，LIN D H，LIU H，et al. Reduction roast-alkali leaching process of zinc calcine with high iron［J］. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals，2017，27（2）：423-429. 彭兵，林冬红，刘恢，等. 高铁锌焙砂还原焙烧-碱浸工艺［J］. 中国有色金属学报，2017，27（2）：423-429.
[17]	LI B，WANG X B，WANG H，et al. Smelting reduction and kinetics analysis of magnetic iron in copper slag using waste cooking oil［J］. Scientific reports，2017，7（1/4）：2406.
[18]	SHI Z L，YAN H J，ZHOU Y J. Study on comprehensive utilization technology of sulphate roasting ash and slag of vanadium ore from stone coal in gansu province［J］. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources，2020（3）：158-163. 史政良，严海军，周玉娟. 甘肃某石煤钒矿焙烧灰渣综合利用工艺研究［J］. 矿产综合利用，2020（3）：158-163.
[19]	QIAN Y J，PEI X D，LUO Y H，et al. Preparation of high quality iron oxide red by purification solution of titanium by-products ferrous sulfate［J］. Metal Mine，2021（7）：211-215. 钱有军，裴晓东，骆艳华，等. 钛白副产物硫酸亚铁净化液制备高品质氧化铁红试验［J］. 金属矿山，2021（7）：211-215.
[20]	XU X R，LI J F，XIAO B，et al. Preparation and process optimization of nanosized ferric oxide by hamogeneous precipitation method［J］. Inorganic Chemicals Industry，2009，41（6）：14-16. 许小荣，李建芬，肖波，等. 均匀沉淀法制备纳米氧化铁及工艺优化［J］. 无机盐工业，2009，41（6）：14-16.
[21]	CHEN W Q，WANG X T，LI M Y，et al. Experimental study on preparation of iron oxide pigment by super iron concentrate［J］. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources，2025，46（3）：1-14. 陈婉晴，王晓彤，李明宇，等. 超级铁精矿制备氧化铁颜料［J］. 矿产综合利用，2025，46（3）：1-14.
[22]	KONG L. Research on preparing the materialy-Fe₂O₃ using pyrite cinder［D］. Wuhan：Wuhan University of Technology，2007. 孔磊. 硫铁矿烧渣制备γ-Fe₂O₃的研究［D］. 武汉：武汉理工大学，2007.
[23]	YAO Z S. Study on synthesis of iron oxide yellow by urea hydrolysis［J］. Liaoning Chemical Industry 2016，45（10）：1267-1270. 姚佐胜. 尿素水解法合成氧化铁黄技术研究［J］. 辽宁化工，2016，45（10）：1267-1270.
[24]	SHI G C，LIAO Y L，SU B W，et al. Mineralogical characteristics and oxygen pressure acid leaching of copper smelting slag［J］. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals，2021，31（3）：765-774. 史公初，廖亚龙，苏博文，等. 铜冶炼渣的矿物学特征及氧压酸浸［J］. 中国有色金属学报，2021，31（3）：765-774.
[25]	WAN G Q，LV F F，YANG Y Q，et al. Synthesis of iron oxide yellow from spent pickling solutions［J］. MATEC Web of Conferences，2016，67：06091.
[26]	MARCELO M，JUAN C V，FILIPE Q M，et al. Synthesis and characterization of iron oxide pigments through the method of the forced hydrolysis of inorganic salts［J］. Dyes and Pigments，2015，120：271-278.
[27]	XU Z F，LI Q，WANG C Y. thermal activation-pressure leaching process of complex copper sulfide［J］. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals，2010，20（12）：2412-2418. 徐志峰，李强，王成彦. 复杂硫化铜矿热活化-加压浸出工艺［J］. 中国有色金属学报，2010，20（12）：2412-2418.
[28]	MUSSAPYROVA L，NADIROV R，BALÁ P，et al. Selective room-temperature leaching of copper from mechanically activated copper smelter slag［J］. Journal of Materials Research and Technology，2021，12：2011-2025.
[29]	HUANG F R，LIAO Y L，ZHOU J，et al. Selective recovery of valuable metals from nickel converter slag at elevated temperature with sulfuric acid solution［J］. Separation and Purification Technology，2015，156：572-581.
[30]	ZHANG Y，MAN R L，NI W D，et al. Selective leaching of base metals from copper smelter slag［J］. Hydrometallurgy，2010，103（1/4）：25-29.
[31]	ENCINA E R，DISTASO M，KLUPP T N，et al. Synthesis of goethite α-feooh particles by air oxidation of ferrous hydroxide Fe（OH）₂ suspensions：insight on the formation mechanism［J］. Crystal Growth& Design，2015，15（1）：194-203.
[32]	Anon. Iron oxide pigments［J］. Additives for Polymers，1987，17（9）：13-13.
[33]	TANG R H，CHEN B Z，GONG Z Q，et al. Study on preparation of iron yellow pigment by drop addition［J］. Inorganic Chemicals Industry，2004（6）：49-51. 汤瑞湖，陈白珍，龚竹青，等. 滴加法制备铁黄颜料工艺研究［J］. 无机盐工业，2004，36（6）：49-51.
[34]	LI J L，HU B，SONG J M. Preparation of ultrafine transparent iron oxide yellow from titanium dioxide by-product ferrous sulfate［J］. Journal of Hubei University of Technology，2012，27（2）：64-66. 李金磊，胡兵，宋建民. 钛白副产硫酸亚铁制备超细透明氧化铁黄研究［J］. 湖北工业大学学报，2012，27（2）：64-66.
[35]	MUFTI N，ATMA T，FUAD A，et al. Synthesis and characterization of black，red and yellow nanoparticles pigments from the iron sand［J］. AIP Conference Proceedings，2015，1617（1）：165.