电絮凝-膜工艺对生活污水有机物的浓缩特性及其产甲烷潜力的影响研究

邱君杰; 吴思源; 杨媛; 陈荣; 胡以松

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202512004

电絮凝-膜工艺对生活污水有机物的浓缩特性及其产甲烷潜力的影响研究

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202512004

邱君杰¹,
吴思源¹,
杨媛^1,2, ,,
陈荣^1,2,
胡以松^1,2

1. 西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室, 西安 710055;
2. 国家城市非传统水资源开发利用国际科技合作基地, 西安 710055

基金项目:

国家自然科学青年基金项目（52300065）；天津市水质科学与技术重点实验室开放基金（TJKLAST-PT-2023-05）；环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室（清华大学）开放课题（24K16ESPCT）

详细信息

作者简介:
邱君杰（1999—），男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为膜法污水处理与资源化。867697926@qq.com

通讯作者:
杨媛（1991—），女，副教授，主要研究方向为膜法污水处理与资源化。yuanyang@xauat.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-01-09
- 录用日期: 2025-04-23
- 修回日期: 2025-03-24
- 网络出版日期: 2026-01-09

Effects of electroflocculation-membrane process on concentration characteristics of organic matter in domestic wastewater and its methane production potential

QIU Junjie¹,
WU Siyuan¹,
YANG Yuan^{1,2
, ,},
CHEN Rong^1,2,
HU Yisong^1,2

1. Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology (Ministry of Education), School of Environment and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China;
2. International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Non-Conventional Water Resources Development and Utilization, Xi'an 710055, China

摘要

摘要: 低有机物浓度的生活污水经过浓缩，可获得高有机物浓度的污水浓缩液，通过厌氧消化（AD）可回收化学能。基于实际生活污水的分级特性分析，构建了直接膜过滤工艺（DMF）与电絮凝-膜工艺（EFM），用于浓缩生活污水，经过1个浓缩周期，DMF工艺获得化学需氧量（COD）为1760 mg/L的浓缩液，EFM工艺浓缩液COD为2668.5 mg/L。DMF和EFM工艺均能有效截留沉降态有机物，且粒径＞40 μm的颗粒物占比相较生活污水分别提升了约30.1%和21.8%，EFM工艺还可促进溶解态和胶体态颗粒物向悬浮态转化，并显著提高总氮（TN）和总磷（TP）浓缩效果，浓缩率分别达到23.9%和22.6%。由于电絮凝过程使用了铁阳极，EFM浓缩液还引入了Fe₂O₃、Fe₃O₄以及Fe_2.95（PO₄）₂（OH）₂等铁物种，且Fe（Ⅱ）/Fe（Ⅲ）主要以无定形的形式存在。生化甲烷潜力（BMP）实验结果表明：DMF浓缩液具备较高的产甲烷潜力（268.58~281.76 mL/g），而EFM浓缩液仅在粒径＜5 μm和＜0.45 μm的组分中表现出更强的产甲烷活性，其产甲烷潜力（P₀）分别为（328.71±10.85），（317.84±10.20） mL/g。EFM系统处理1 m³生活污水能耗（298.20×10^-4 kW·h/m³）高于DMF（20.04×10^-4 kW·h/m³），但其与AD耦合后净产能可达到0.208 kW·h/m³，较DMF+AD（0.081 kW·h/m³）提升约1.5倍，这表明EFM系统在污水能源化方面具有显著优势。研究结果可为污水处理及资源回收提供技术参考和理论依据。
- 生活污水 /
- 污水浓缩 /
- 膜过滤 /
- 电絮凝 /
- 厌氧发酵
Abstract: By concentrating low-strength domestic wastewater， a sewage concentrate with high organic matter concentration can be obtained， and chemical energy can be recovered through anaerobic digestion （AD）. In this study， based on the fraction analysis of real domestic wastewater， a direct membrane filtration （DMF） process and an electroflocculation-membrane （EFM） process were constructed to concentrate domestic wastewater， and after 1 concentration cycle， the DMF process obtained a concentrate with chemical oxygen demand （COD） concentration of 1760 mg/L， and the EFM process obtained a concentrate with COD concentration of 2668.5 mg/L. Both DMF and EFM process were able to effectively retain organic matter， and the percentage of particles with particle size larger than 40 μm was increased by about 30.1% and 21.8%， respectively， compared with domestic wastewater. The EFM process also facilitated the conversion of particles in the dissolved state and the colloidal state to the suspended state， and significantly improved the concentration effect of total nitrogen （TN） and total phosphorus （TP）， with the concentration efficiency reaching 23.9% and 22.6%， respectively. Due to the iron anodes in the electroflocculation process， the EFM concentrate also introduced iron species such as Fe₂O₃， Fe₃O₄， and Fe_2.95（PO₄）₂（OH）₂， and Fe（II）/Fe（Ⅲ） were mainly present in the amorphous form. The results of the biochemical methane potential （BMP） test showed that the DMF concentrate possessed a higher methanogenic potential （268.58 to 281.76 mL CH₄/g COD）， while the EFM concentrate showed stronger methanogenic activity only in the fractions with particle sizes less than 5 μm and 0.45 μm， with methanogenic potentials （P₀） of （328.71±10.85） and （317.84±10.20） mL CH₄/g COD， respectively. The energy consumption of the EFM system for treating 1 m³of domestic wastewater was 298.20×10^-4 kW·h/m³， higher than that of DMF （20.04×10^-4 kW·h/m³）， but its net energy production capacity after coupling with AD amounted to 0.208 kW·h/m³， which was about 1.5 times higher than that of DMF coupling with AD （0.081 kW·h/m³）， and indicating that the EFM system had a significant wastewater energization advantage. This study provides a useful technical reference and theoretical basis for wastewater treatment and resource recovery.
- domestic wastewater /
- sewage concentration /
- membrane filtration /
- electroflocculation /
- anaerobic digestion

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