北京城区PM<sub>2.5</sub>中细菌群落结构的季节变化及其对典型天气事件的响应

刘美君; 黄宇佳; 孙寓姣; 孙钰洁; 任雪倩; 宣元焱; 云影; 白国敏; 姜帆

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202512021

北京城区PM_2.5中细菌群落结构的季节变化及其对典型天气事件的响应

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202512021

北京师范大学水科学研究院, 北京 100875

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金面上项目“光合细菌处理餐厨油脂废水及高价值物质合成回收的代谢调控机制研究”（52370065）；磁性纳米筛选-微流控单细胞分离集成技术对有机磷农药降解菌的选育研究（51978056）

详细信息

作者简介:
刘美君（2000—），女，主要研究方向为环境微生物。lmj276425@163.com

通讯作者:
孙寓姣（1975—），女，教授，主要研究方向为环境生物技术、分子微生态学。sunyujiao@bnu.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-11-02
- 录用日期: 2024-12-15
- 修回日期: 2024-12-05
- 网络出版日期: 2026-01-09

Seasonal variation of bacterial community structure in PM_2.5 in urban area of Beijing and its response to typical weather events

College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

摘要

摘要: 大气PM_2.5污染是北京市典型环境问题之一，PM_2.5中细菌群落对人体健康产生的负面影响日渐引起公众关注。在北京城区典型大气监测站开展了为期1年的大气PM_2.5采样，采集了四季常规天气和雾霾、降雨、降雪、沙尘暴等天气的样品，结合分子生物学方法和多元统计学方法对PM_2.5中细菌群落结构季节变化展开研究。结果表明：在PM_2.5中发现了43个菌门、1344个菌属，不同季节和典型天气下优势菌属和特征菌属各不相同，春季为norank_f__norank_o__Chloroplast和norank_f__Mitochondria，夏季为Acidibacter和Paracoccus，秋季为Ammoniphilus和unclassified_k__norank_d__Bacteria，冬季为Sphingomonas和Pseudomonas；雾霾天气特征菌属为Diaphorobacter，降雨天气为Delftia，降雪天气为Terrisporobacter，沙尘暴天气为norank_f__Cytophagaceae。非度量多维尺度分析结果表明，大气细菌群落在夏季较稳定，在其他季节降雨、降雪、雾霾、沙尘暴等典型天气会对细菌群落产生较大的扰动。基于BugBase的功能预测发现，大气微生物以好氧菌、革兰氏阴性菌为主，Acidibacter是四季最丰富的潜在致病菌，夏季大气微生物的潜在致病风险较大。研究结果对于制定不同季节和天气条件下的空气质量管理策略具有重要意义。
- PM_2.5 /
- 细菌群落 /
- 季节性变化 /
- 典型天气事件 /
- 功能预测
Abstract: Atmospheric PM_2.5 pollution is one of the typical environmental problems in Beijing， and the negative impact of bacterial communities of PM_2.5 on human health are attracting increasing public attention. In this study， a one-year sampling of atmospheric PM_2.5 was carried out at a typical atmospheric monitoring station in Beijing urban area， and samples were collected from four seasons of regular weather and haze， rainfall， snowfall， sandstorms， and dust storms， etc. Seasonal changes of the bacterial community structure in PM_2.5 were investigated by combining molecular biology and multivariate statistical methods. 43 phyla and 1344 genera were found in PM_2.5， and the dominant and characteristic genera varied in different seasons and typical weather， with norank_f__norank_o__Chloroplast and norank_f__Mitochondria in spring， Acidibacter and Paracoccus in summer， Ammoniphilus and unclassified_k__norank_d__Bacteria in autumn， and Sphingomonas and Pseudomonas in winter. The characteristic genus was Diaphorobacter in hazy weather， Delftia in rainy weather， Terrisporobacter in snowy weather， and norank_f__Cytophagaceae in dusty weather. The results of the non-metric multidimensional scaling （NMDS） analysis showed that the atmospheric bacterial community was more stable in summer and that typical weather such as rainfall， snowfall， haze， and dust storms in other seasons would cause greater perturbations to the bacterial community. Based on the functional prediction of BugBase， it was found that the atmospheric microorganisms are mainly aerobic and gram-negative bacteria. Acidibacter is the most abundant potential pathogenic bacterium in the four seasons， and the potential pathogenic risk of atmospheric microorganisms is greater in summer. This study are important for the development of air quality management strategies under different seasons and weather conditions.
- PM_2.5 /
- bacterial community /
- seasonal variation /
- typical weather event /
- function prediction

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