除磷药剂对生物除磷效能精准评估的影响及改进策略研究

王刚; 李魁晓; 高媛; 王慰; 许骐; 于澜; 吴从从

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202601006

除磷药剂对生物除磷效能精准评估的影响及改进策略研究

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202601006

王刚^1,2,
李魁晓^1,2, ,,
高媛¹,
王慰^1,2,
许骐^1,2,
于澜¹,
吴从从^1,2

1. 北京城市排水集团有限责任公司, 北京 100022;
2. 北京市污水资源化工程技术研究中心, 北京 100124

详细信息

作者简介:
王刚（1992—），男，硕士，工程师，主要研究方向为污水处理与资源化。13051251977@163.com

通讯作者:
李魁晓（1978—），男，博士，教授级高级工程师，主要研究方向为污水处理与资源化。kuixiao_li@163.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-08-29
- 网络出版日期: 2026-02-26
- 刊出日期: 2026-01-22

Impact of phosphorus removal agents on precise evaluation of biological phosphorus removal efficiency and improvement strategies

WANG Gang^1,2,
LI Kuixiao^{1,2
, ,},
GAO Yuan¹,
WANG Wei^1,2,
XU Qi^1,2,
YU Lan¹,
WU Congcong^1,2

1. Beijing Drainage Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100022, China;
2. Beijing Municipal Sewage Resource Engineering Technology Research Center, Beijing 100124, China

摘要

摘要: 针对污水处理厂生物除磷效能由于受系统中残留化学除磷药剂的影响而无法精准表征，导致除磷药剂投加过量的问题，通过小试与现场生产性试验相结合的方式，阐明了化学除磷药剂对生物除磷效能评估的影响。采用聚磷酸盐、聚磷菌、PHB等表征指标，结合层次分析法构建了新型生物除磷效能评估体系。利用新构建的评估体系对北京市3种不同处理工艺的污水厂开展了生物除磷效能评估工作并提出改进策略。结果表明：化学除磷药剂在系统中的残留会严重影响生物除磷效能评估结果的准确性，A污水厂误差>40%，导致除磷药剂无法精准投加，极大地干扰了污水厂的运行调控。新建评估方法可有效排除系统中残留化学除磷药剂的影响，得到污水处理过程生物除磷的精准比例，评估准确度>95%。污水厂在进行生物除磷评估时应以检测污泥聚磷酸盐的变化为主，以聚磷菌丰度和PHB的检测结果为辅，结合3种评估指标动态调整污水厂生物池运行参数和除磷药剂投加量，实现生物除磷强化和除磷药剂的精准投加。
- 除磷药剂 /
- 生物除磷 /
- 层次分析法 /
- 评估体系 /
- 改进策略
Abstract: In the operation of wastewater treatment plants （WWTPs）， a rather critical issue has emerged where the biological phosphorus removal efficiency is often unable to be precisely characterized because of the influence of the residual chemical phosphorus removal agents in the system， which in turn gives rise to the problem that excessive amounts of phosphorus removal agents are dosed， not only causing waste of resources but also potentially disrupting the normal operation and performance of the WWTPs. In this paper， a combined approach integrating bench-scale tests in a laboratory setting and on-site tests mirroring the actual operation conditions of WWTPs was adopted to clearly expound the impact of chemical phosphorus removal agents on the evaluation of biological phosphorus removal efficiency. When constructing the evaluation system for biological phosphorus removal efficiency， several key characterization indicators such as polyphosphate which is of great importance in the processes of phosphorus storage and release within the biological systems of WWTPs， polyphosphate-accumulating organisms （PAOs） which are the core microorganisms in phosphorus accumulation， and poly-β-hydroxybutyrate （PHB）， an essential metabolite closely related to the energy metabolism and phosphorus removal， were chosen， and integrated with the analytic hierarchy process（AHP） to establish a brand-new and comprehensive evaluation system for biological phosphorus removal efficiency. Subsequently， the evaluation of biological phosphorus removal efficiency was carried out for three WWTPs in Beijing with different treatment processes. Based on the evaluation results， targeted improvement strategies were put forward. The results showed that the residues of chemical phosphorus removal agents remaining in the system can seriously affect the accuracy of the evaluation results of biological phosphorus removal efficiency. In the case of WWTP A， the error exceeded 40%. This led to the inability to accurately dose phosphorus removal agents， thereby greatly interfering with the operation and regulation of the WWTP. Fortunately， the newly developed evaluation method can effectively eliminate the influence and obtain the accurate proportion of biological phosphorus removal in the wastewater treatment process， with an evaluation accuracy higher than 95%. When conducting the evaluation of biological phosphorus removal in WWTPs， it is recommended to mainly focus on detecting the changes in sludge polyphosphate， and take the detection results of the abundance of PAOs and PHB as supplementary information. By combining these three evaluation indicators and dynamically adjusting the operating parameters of the biological tank in the WWTP， and the dosing amount of phosphorus removal agents， the strengthening of biological phosphorus removal and the accurate dosing of phosphorus removal agents can be achieved， thus improving the overall operation efficiency and environmental protection level of the WWTP.
- phosphorus removal agents /
- biological phosphorus removal /
- analytic hierarchy process （AHP） /
- evaluation system /
- improvement strategies

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