沉积物中反硝化过程表观动力学现象及原因探讨

王文惠; 高增文; 齐延威; 张健

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202602010

沉积物中反硝化过程表观动力学现象及原因探讨

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202602010

1. 青岛大学环境与地理学院, 山东青岛 266071;
2. 青岛地质工程勘察院(青岛地质勘查开发局), 山东青岛 266101

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目“海湾水库底边界层对水体突然泛咸的双重影响机制与效应”（51279075）

详细信息

作者简介:
王文惠（1999—），女，硕士，主要研究方向为水资源利用与水环境保护。1764509833@qq.com

通讯作者:
高增文（1974—），男，博士，副教授，主要研究方向为水资源利用与水环境保护。gaozengwen@163.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-02-25
- 网络出版日期: 2026-04-11
- 刊出日期: 2026-02-01

Apparent kinetics phenomena of denitrification in sediments and its causes

1. College of Environment and Geography, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
2. Qingdao Geo-Engineering Surveying Institute (Qingdao Geological Exploration Development Bureau), Qingdao 266101, China

摘要

摘要: 本征动力学常数对生物地球化学过程模拟以及环境治理工程设计十分重要，然而受沉积物中复杂的传质-反应耦合效应影响，实践中获取的动力学常数常呈现出显著的表观特性。而当前传质影响动力学常数的具体原因仍缺乏深入剖析。研究通过室内试验与数值模拟，尝试从边界层理论角度对表观动力学现象进行探讨。流通式沉积物反应器试验与反演结果表明：随着进水浓度和流速的增加，反硝化动力学常数均呈现非线性增长，表现出显著的表观动力学现象。当Da数非远小于1时，反应系统常表现出表观动力学现象；进水浓度与流速变化促使动力学常数增大，均是由于增大了硝酸盐氮的扩散通量，但具体原因不同：浓度变大时是因引起扩散边界层两侧的浓度差变大，而流速增大时是因为边界层的厚度变小。为避免动力学常数误用导致模拟误差，在模拟前宜先进行表观动力学现象识别。
- 沉积物 /
- 硝酸盐氮 /
- 反硝化 /
- 表观动力学 /
- 数值模拟 /
- 边界层理论
Abstract: Intrinsic kinetic constants are very important for biogeochemical process simulation and environmental management engineering design. However， the intricate mass transfer-reaction coupling effects in sediments lead to the acquisition of apparent kinetic constants in conventional studies， with the underlying environmental dependency mechanisms remaining poorly resolved. This study systematically investigated the drivers of apparent kinetic phenomena through integrated laboratory column experiments and numerical simulations， anchored in diffusion boundary layer theory. Flow-through sediment reactors experiment and inversion results showed that the denitrification kinetic constants increased nonlinearly with the influent concentration and flow rate， showing a significant apparent kinetic phenomenon. When Da was not much less than 1， the reaction system often exhibited an apparent kinetic phenomenon； the increase of kinetic constants caused by changes in influent concentration and flow rate was due to the increase of the diffusion flux of nitrate nitrogen. But the specific reasons were different between the two conditions. The increase of kinetic constants from influent concentrations was due to the increase in concentration difference of nitrate at both sides of the diffusive boundary layer， while the increase of constants caused by flow rates was due to the thinner boundary layer. In order to avoid the simulation error caused by the misuse of kinetic constants， it is necessary to identify the apparent kinetic phenomena before simulations.
- sediments /
- nitrate nitrogen /
- denitrify /
- apparent reaction kinetics /
- numerical simulation /
- boundary layer theory

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