西藏碳酸型盐湖茶里措细菌与古菌的多样性以及群落结构组成分析

逯心玥; 常晓妍; 陶宇杰; 韩睿; 李永臻; 朱德锐; 王嵘

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202602011

西藏碳酸型盐湖茶里措细菌与古菌的多样性以及群落结构组成分析

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202602011

1. 青海大学医学院基础医学研究中心, 西宁 810016;
2. 青海大学农林科学院青海省蔬菜遗传与生理重点实验室, 西宁 810016

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目（32260019）；青海中央引导地方科技发展资金项目（2024ZY015）

详细信息

作者简介:
逯心玥（1998—），女，硕士，主要研究方向为环境微生物。luxinyue0369@163.com

通讯作者:
王嵘（1971—），男，教授，主要研究方向为极端微生物学。qhwr2007@163.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-03-12
- 网络出版日期: 2026-04-11
- 刊出日期: 2026-02-01

Diversity and structure of bacterial and archaeal communities in a carbonate-salt lake， Chali Co Lake in Tibet

1. Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;
2. Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Physiology, Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China

摘要

摘要: 茶里措湖（Chali Co Lake）位于青藏高原（海拔4650 m），属于高原碳酸型盐湖，其细菌和古菌的群落结构组成尚未明确，有待深入研究。采用高通量Illumina测序技术分析了茶里措湖的细菌和古菌多样性，按照97%相似性水平进行操作分类单元（operational taxonomic units， OTUs）注释，并从门、纲、目和属分类学层次进行统计分析；利用冗余分析（redundancy analysis， RDA）优势属与环境因素的制约关系。测序获得分类学地位明确的细菌37门54纲78目417属（1678个OTUs），古菌10门9纲15目32属（526个OTUs）。细菌优势属群为居泥杆菌属（Pelobacter， 4.60% ~ 9.58%）、水弯曲菌属（Aquiflexum， 1.08% ~ 13.97%）、脱硫弧菌属（Desulfurivibrio， 0.64% ~ 8.07%）和脱硫盒菌属（Desulfocapsa， 6.87%）；古菌优势属群为沃斯古菌门（Woesearchaeota）的AR16 （72.60% ~ 86.31%）、AR18 （2.71% ~ 6.45%）和AR15亚群（0.26% ~ 6.19%）。细菌群落结构与总盐度、HCO₃^-和SO₄^2-显著相关（P<0.05），居泥杆菌属与温度、总氮、Na⁺浓度显著相关；水弯曲菌属与总有机碳、总氮、温度显著相关；脱硫弧菌属及脱硫盒菌属皆与温度、SO₄^2-和HCO₃^-浓度显著相关。古菌群落结构与K⁺浓度、总盐度、pH相关性最强，古菌优势类群AR16和AR18亚群与总磷、Mg²⁺、K⁺浓度显著相关；AR15亚群与总有机碳、总氮与SO₄^2-浓度显著相关。该研究揭示了茶里措湖中细菌和古菌的群落结构及其物种多样性，为嗜盐碱菌的开发及微生物资源的挖掘提供了理论依据。
- 茶里措湖 /
- 碳酸盐型盐湖 /
- 细菌 /
- 古菌 /
- 高通量测序 /
- 多样性
Abstract: Chali Co Lake is a high-altitude （4650 m） carbonate-salt lake located in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The community structure composition of bacteria and archaea involved is still unclear. This study employed high-throughput Illumina sequencing to analyze the diversity of bacteria and archaea in Chali Co Lake. By a 97% similarity level， operational taxonomic units （OTUs） were noted and analyzed based on the phylum， class， order， and genus level， respectively. The Redundancy analysis （RDA） was employed to examine the relationship between the dominant genus and environmental factors. A total of 37 phyla， 54 classes， 78 orders， and 417 genera （1，678 OTUs） of bacteria， and 10 phyla， 9 classes， 15 orders， and 32 genera （526 OTUs） of archaea were identified. The predominant bacterial genus were Pelobacter （4.60% to 9.58%）， Aquiflexum （1.08% to 13.97%）， Desulfurivibrio （0.64% to 8.07%） and Desulfocapsa （6.87%）； The dominant archaeota genera were Woesearchaeota AR16 （72.60% to 86.31%）、AR18 （2.71% to 6.45%） and AR15 （0.26% to 6.19%）. Significant correlation between the bacterial community structure and the concentrations of TS， HCO₃^-， and SO₄^2- （P<0.05）. Pelobacter exhibited a significant correlation with T， TN， and Na⁺ concentrations. Aquiflexum demonstrated a significant correlation with TOC， TN， and temperature. Additionally， both Desulfurivibrio and Desulfocapsa exhibited correlations with temperature， SO₄^2-， and HCO₃^- concentrations. The structure of archaeal communities was most strongly correlated with K⁺， TS， and pH. The dominant genera AR16 and AR18 subgroups of archaea exhibited a significant correlation with TP， Mg²⁺， and K⁺. The AR15 subgroup demonstrated a significant correlation with TOC， TN， and SO₄^2-. This study revealed the community structure of bacteria and archaea and their species diversity in Chali Co Lake， and provided a theoretical basis for developing halophilic bacteria and exploiting microbial resources.
- Chali Co Lake /
- carbonate-salt lake /
- bacteria /
- archaea /
- high-throughput sequencing /
- diversity

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