不同亚铁盐富集下铁自养反硝化菌群的差异化微生物组装与结构特征

田天; 崔金乐

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202603006

不同亚铁盐富集下铁自养反硝化菌群的差异化微生物组装与结构特征

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202603006

田天,
崔金乐

1. 大连理工大学环境学院，辽宁大连 116024

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目“铁自养反硝化菌群进行铁氨氧化作用的机制及应用研究”（52270026）

详细信息

作者简介:
田天（1988—），男，副教授，主要研究方向为废水生物脱氮与污染物资源化的基础研究。skyetian@dlut.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-11-28
- 网络出版日期: 2026-04-11
- 刊出日期: 2026-03-01

Distinct microbial assembly and structures of iron-dependent autotrophic denitrifying communities enriched by different ferrous salts

1. School of Environmental Science and Technology，Dalian University of Technology，Dalian 116024，China

摘要

摘要: 铁自养反硝化（iron-dependent autotrophic denitrification， IDAD）是一种在低碳氮比废水处理中具有潜力的生物脱氮技术。目前，不同研究所报道的IDAD菌群在群落结构上存在显著差异，其原因尚不明确。基于亚铁盐中阴离子类型可能是导致菌群结构差异的关键因素的假设，分别以FeCl₂和FeSO₄为电子供体，在相同接种污泥条件下富集获得2种IDAD菌群（R1和R2），系统比较了其在长期运行过程中的脱氮性能、胞外聚合物组成、铁氧化产物性质、微生物群落结构及功能基因分布特征。结果表明，R1具有更高的反硝化效率和Fe（Ⅱ）氧化活性，其菌群中Gallionella等关键铁氧化菌属的相对丰度显著高于R2，且菌群多样性更高。宏基因组分析进一步揭示，R1中与铁氧化和反硝化相关的功能基因丰度更高，而R2中则富集了更多与硫酸盐代谢和复杂有机物降解相关的菌属。此外，不同菌群的胞外聚合物（EPS）组分和铁矿物表面特性也存在明显差异。研究结果证实了亚铁盐类型对IDAD菌群结构组装与代谢功能具有显著调控作用，为优化其在实际废水处理中的应用提供了理论依据。
- 铁自养反硝化 /
- 低碳氮比废水 /
- 亚铁盐 /
- 群落结构 /
- 宏基因组
Abstract: Iron-dependent autotrophic denitrification （IDAD） is a promising biological technology for nitrogen removal from wastewater with a low C/N ratio. While significant differences in community structure among IDAD consortia from different studies have been reported， the underlying reasons remain unclear. Hypothesizing that the anion type of ferrous salts could be a key contributing factor， this study enriched two IDAD consortia （R1 and R2） using FeCl₂ and FeSO₄ as respective electron donors under identical inoculum sludge conditions. Their nitrogen removal performance， extracellular polymeric substance （EPS） composition， iron oxidation product properties， microbial community structure， and functional gene distribution characteristics during long-term operation were systematically compared. The results showed that R1 exhibited higher denitrification efficiency and Fe（Ⅱ） oxidation activity. Key iron-oxidizing bacterial genera such as Gallionella showed a significantly higher relative abundance in R1 than in R2， and R1 also maintained higher community diversity. Metagenomic analysis further revealed a higher abundance of functional genes related to iron oxidation and denitrification in R1. In contrast， R2 was enriched with more genera associated with sulfate metabolism and complex organic matter degradation. Distinct differences were also observed in EPS composition and iron mineral surface properties between the two consortia. This study confirms that the type of ferrous salt significantly regulates the structural assembly and metabolic functions of IDAD consortia， providing a theoretical basis for optimizing their application in practical wastewater treatment.
- iron-dependent autotrophic denitrification /
- low C/N ratio wastewater /
- ferrous salts /
- community structure /
- metagenomics

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