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长江下游典型饮用水系统中全氟化合物的污染特征与优控物质筛查

尤为,  刘丁心,  张炜亮,  马智宸,  周率,  罗景阳,  刘建超

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文章导航 > 环境工程  > 2026 >  44(3): 112-124
尤为, 刘丁心, 张炜亮, 马智宸, 周率, 罗景阳, 刘建超. 长江下游典型饮用水系统中全氟化合物的污染特征与优控物质筛查[J]. 环境工程, 2026, 44(3): 112-124. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202603010
引用本文: 尤为, 刘丁心, 张炜亮, 马智宸, 周率, 罗景阳, 刘建超. 长江下游典型饮用水系统中全氟化合物的污染特征与优控物质筛查[J]. 环境工程, 2026, 44(3): 112-124. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202603010
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YOU Wei, LIU Dingxin, ZHANG Weiliang, MA Zhichen, ZHOU Lü, LUO Jingyang, LIU Jianchao. Pollution characteristics and priority substance screening of PFASs in typical drinking water systems of the lower Yangtze River[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2026, 44(3): 112-124. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202603010
Citation: YOU Wei, LIU Dingxin, ZHANG Weiliang, MA Zhichen, ZHOU Lü, LUO Jingyang, LIU Jianchao. Pollution characteristics and priority substance screening of PFASs in typical drinking water systems of the lower Yangtze River[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2026, 44(3): 112-124. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202603010
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长江下游典型饮用水系统中全氟化合物的污染特征与优控物质筛查

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202603010

  • 1. 江苏城镇给排水监测有限公司，南京 210036;

  • 2. 河海大学 环境学院 浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发;教育部重点实验室，南京 210098;

  • 3. 南京市供水节水指导中心，南京 210004

基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金项目（U23A2058）；南京市水务科技项目（202304）

详细信息
    作者简介:

    尤为（1986—），男，工程师，主要研究方向为水质监测。13584000424@163.com

    通讯作者:

    刘建超（1985—），男，教授，主要研究方向为新污染物环境行为及治理。jianchao-liu@hhu.edu.cn；刘建超（1985—），男，教授，主要研究方向为新污染物环境行为及治理。jianchao-liu@hhu.edu.cn

Pollution characteristics and priority substance screening of PFASs in typical drinking water systems of the lower Yangtze River

  • 1. Jiangsu Urban Water Supply and Drainage Monitoring Co.，Ltd.，Nanjing 210036，China;

  • 2. Key Laboratory for Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes，Ministry of Education，College of Environment，Hohai University，Nanjing 210098，China;

  • 3. Nanjing Water Supply and Water Conservation Guidance Center，Nanjing 210004，China

    摘要
  • 摘要: 全氟化合物（PFASs）在长江下游水体中被频繁检出，且赋存水平偏高，影响饮用水安全与人体健康。针对23种典型的PFASs，在长江下游8座饮用水处理厂开展了水源水、出厂水和龙头水中PFASs的赋存特征调查研究，评估了PFASs在饮用水处理厂中的去除效能和优先控制等级。结果表明：在8座饮用水处理系统中共检出19种PFASs，总浓度为32.02~167.68 ng/L，平均浓度为85.86 ng/L。其中，长链PFASs检出14种，浓度占比35.7%；短链PFASs共检出5种，浓度占比64.3%，短链PFASs是饮用水处理系统中主要污染物。全氟辛酸（PFOA）、全氟丁酸（PFBA）、全氟丁烷磺酸（PFBS）和全氟己酸（PFHxA）是饮用水系统中主要的污染单体。此外，饮用水处理工艺对于PFASs的总去除率为17.8%，其中长链和短链PFASs的去除率分别为22.2%和15.1%。从出厂水至龙头水的输配过程中，共有14种PFASs出现再增加现象，PFASs检出浓度整体回升率达到39.6%，主要为PFBA、PFOA和PFBS，三者对浓度回升的合计贡献率超过92.8%。模型评估发现，全氟辛酸（PFOA）、全氟壬酸（PFNA）、全氟十二酸（PFDoA）和全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）是需要重点关注的PFASs，应加大监测力度并优先管控。
    Abstract: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances （PFASs） are frequently detected at elevated concentrations in water bodies of the lower Yangtze River， posing risks to drinking water safety and human health. This study investigated the occurrence of 23 typical PFASs in source water， treated water， and tap water from eight drinking water treatment plants （DWTPs） in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The removal efficiency of PFASs by the treatment processes and their priority for control were also assessed. The results revealed the presence of 19 PFASs across the eight DWTPs， with total concentrations ranging from 32.02 to 167.68 ng/L and an average of 85.86 ng/L. Among these， 14 long-chain and 5 short-chain PFASs were identified， contributing 35.7% and 64.3% to the total concentration， respectively， indicating that short-chain PFASs were the predominant pollutants. The major contaminant monomers were perfluorooctanoic acid （PFOA）， perfluorobutanoic acid （PFBA）， perfluorobutanesulfonic acid （PFBS）， and perfluorohexanoic acid （PFHxA）. The overall removal efficiency of PFASs by the drinking water treatment processes was 17.8%， with a removal efficiency of 22.2% for long-chain and 15.1% for short-chain congeners. Notably， concentrations of 14 PFASs increased during distribution from the treatment plant to the tap， resulting in an overall rebound rate of 39.6%. PFBA， PFOA， and PFBS were the primary contributors， accounting for over 92.8% of this concentration increase. Modeling assessment identified PFOA， perfluorononanoic acid （PFNA）， perfluorododecanoic acid （PFDoA）， and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid （PFOS） as priority PFASs requiring enhanced monitoring and control measures.
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2025-12-30
  • 网络出版日期:  2026-04-11
  • 刊出日期:  2026-03-01

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