光热催化废塑料资源化回收的研究进展

曹润姿; 王见; 张远浩; 李阳

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202603012

光热催化废塑料资源化回收的研究进展

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202603012

曹润姿^1,2,3,
王见^1,2,3,
张远浩^1,2,3,
李阳^1,2,3, ,

1. 北京师范大学环境学院，北京 100875;
2. 水沙科学教育部重点实验室，北京 100875;
3. 区域环境安全全国重点实验室，北京 100875

详细信息

作者简介:
曹润姿（1997—），女，博士研究生，主要研究方向为环境化学。202331180053@mail.bnu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
李阳（1985—），女，教授，主要研究方向为水中持久性有机污染物的治理技术。liyang_bnu@bnu.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2026-01-31
- 网络出版日期: 2026-04-11
- 刊出日期: 2026-03-01

Recent progress in photothermal catalytic upcycling of waste plastics

CAO Runzi^1,2,3,
WANG Jian^1,2,3,
ZHANG Yuanhao^1,2,3,
LI Yang^{1,2,3
, ,}

1. School of Environment，Beijing Normal University，Beijing 100875，China;
2. Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education，Beijing 100875，China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability，Beijing 100875，China

摘要

摘要: 随着全球塑料产量的持续攀升，塑料废弃物的数量急剧增加。如何有效解决塑料污染问题，同时实现塑料废弃物的资源化与回收利用，已成为全球面临的挑战。与传统回收方式相比，光热催化可协同光催化过程与热催化过程，具有转化效率高、反应条件温和等显著优势。因此，本文梳理了光热催化技术在塑料废弃物处理与资源化回收方面的研究进展。首先阐述了光热转化的机制，主要包括等离子体局部加热、半导体非辐射弛豫和分子热振动；根据光和热在光热催化反应中的作用，将光热催化分为热辅助光催化、光驱动热催化和光热协同催化3类；塑料光热催化转化过程中催化材料的类型对催化性能调控至关重要；总结了等离激元金属纳米颗粒、金属氧化物半导体和碳基材料3种典型的光热催化材料的催化性能，为塑料的高效资源化研究提供材料设计方向；此外，从聚烯烃类和聚酯类两种典型塑料的资源化机理入手，总结了塑料资源化生成液体燃料和有机酸的反应路径。最后，在当前研究进展的基础上，进一步指出了光热催化在塑料资源化回收方面存在的技术挑战，旨在为塑料废弃物的化学回收提供技术支持，并为其资源化利用提供新视角。
- 光热催化 /
- 塑料资源化 /
- 资源化机理 /
- 光热材料 /
- 光热转化
Abstract: As global plastic production continues to rise， the quantity of plastic waste has also increased dramatically. Effectively addressing plastic pollution while achieving the resource recovery and recycling of plastic waste has become a global challenge. Compared with conventional recycling methods， the photothermal catalysis process， which integrates photocatalysis and thermocatalysis， offers significant advantages such as high conversion efficiency and mild reaction conditions. Herein， this review outlines the research progress of photothermal catalysis technology in the treatment and resource recovery of plastic waste. It first elaborates on the mechanism of photothermal conversion， including plasmonic localized heating， non-radiative relaxation of semiconductors， and molecular thermal vibration. Based on the roles of light and heat in photothermal catalytic reactions， photothermal catalysis is classified into three categories： thermal-assisted photocatalysis， photo-driven thermocatalysis， and photo-thermal co-catalysis. The type of catalytic material plays a crucial role in regulating catalytic performance during the photothermal catalytic conversion of plastics. This review summarizes the catalytic properties of three typical photothermal catalytic materials： plasmonic metal nanoparticles， metal oxide semiconductors， and carbon-based materials， providing material design directions for efficient plastic upcycling. Furthermore， starting with the upcycling mechanisms of two representative plastics， polyethylene and polyester， the review summarizes the reaction pathways for plastic upcycling to produce liquid fuels and organic acids. Finally， based on the current research status， this review also highlights the technical challenges of using photothermal catalysis for plastic upcycling. This review aims to provide technical support for the chemical recycling of plastic waste and offer new perspectives for its upcycling.
- photothermal catalysis /
- plastic upcycling /
- upcycling mechanism /
- photothermal materials /
- photothermal conversion

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