白云石碳化法制备抗菌氧化镁工艺及其结构调控研究

王庆伟; 周伟娟; 杜婷; 郝泰旭; 文波; 颜旭; 史美清

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202603014

白云石碳化法制备抗菌氧化镁工艺及其结构调控研究

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202603014

王庆伟^1,2,3,
周伟娟¹,
杜婷¹,
郝泰旭¹,
文波¹,
颜旭^1,2,3,
史美清^1,2,3, ,

1. 中南大学冶金与环境学院，长沙 410083;
2. 有色金属强化冶金新技术全国重点实验室，长沙 410083;
3. 国家重金属污染防治工程技术研究中心，长沙 410083

基金项目:

湖南省科技创新计划（2025RC3034）；江西省重点研发计划项目（20252BCF320029）

详细信息

作者简介:
王庆伟（1982—），男，教授，主要研究方向为冶金环境工程新技术。qw_wang@csu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
史美清（1989—），女，讲师，主要研究方向为固废资源化。shimeiqing0925@csu.edu.cn

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- 文章访问数: 10
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2026-01-22
- 网络出版日期: 2026-04-11
- 刊出日期: 2026-03-01

Research on the preparation of antibacterial magnesium oxide by dolomite carbonation and its structural regulation

WANG Qingwei^1,2,3,
ZHOU Weijuan¹,
DU Ting¹,
HAO Taixu¹,
WEN Bo¹,
YAN Xu^1,2,3,
SHI Meiqing^{1,2,3
, ,}

1. School of Metallurgy and Environment，Central South University，Changsha 410083，China;
2. National Key Laboratory of New Technologies for Nonferrous Strengthened Metallurgy，Changsha 410083，China;
3. Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution，Changsha 410083，China

摘要

摘要: 针对全球微生物耐药性加剧的严峻挑战，研发高效、绿色的抗菌材料已成为当前材料科学领域的迫切需求。以湖南某地天然白云石为原料，采用白云石碳化法开展抗菌氧化镁（MgO）的可控制备工艺研究，重点探究重镁水热解方式（喷雾热解与真空热解）及前驱体煅烧条件对产物微观结构的调控机制。通过系统优化工艺参数，确定白云石最佳煅烧条件为1000 ℃煅烧180 min，碳化终点pH=7.5，此条件下镁的回收率最高。进液速率30 mL/min，220 ℃下喷雾热解可制备出形貌规整的空心球形MgCO₃·3H₂O前驱体；将该前驱体在600 ℃下以10℃/min的升温速率煅烧3 h后，成功获得具有高比表面积（49.43 m²/g）、纳米级粒径（d₅₀=222.47 nm）以及多级孔道结构的高活性MgO。抗菌性能测试表明，该MgO料对大肠杆菌的杀菌率达到100%，最低杀菌浓度为0.5 mg/mL，展现出优异的抗菌效能。实验通过构建“工艺-结构-性能”的调控体系，为基于天然白云石制备高性能、环境友好型纳米抗菌材料提供了可靠的理论依据与技术支撑。
- 白云石 /
- 氧化镁 /
- 抗菌性能 /
- 喷雾热解 /
- 工艺-结构-性能
Abstract: In response to the severe global challenge of increasing microbial resistance， developing efficient and environmentally friendly antibacterial materials has become an urgent demand in the field of materials science. This research used natural dolomite from a region in Hunan as the raw material and investigated the controllable preparation process of antibacterial magnesium oxide （MgO） via the dolomite carbonation method， focusing on the regulation mechanisms of the microstructure of the product through heavy magnesium hydrolysis methods （spray pyrolysis and vacuum pyrolysis） and precursor calcination conditions. By systematically optimizing the process parameters， the optimal calcination conditions for dolomite were determined to be 1000 °C for 180 minutes， with a carbonation endpoint pH of 7.5， under which the magnesium recovery efficiency achieved the highest. Spray pyrolysis at a feed rate of 30 mL/min and 220 °C produced well-shaped hollow spherical MgCO₃·3H₂O precursors； when this precursor was calcined at 600 °C with a heating rate of 10 °C/min for 3 hours， high-activity MgO with a high specific surface area （49.43 m²/g）， nanoscale particle size （d₅₀=222.47 nm）， and a hierarchical porous structure was successfully obtained. Antibacterial tests showed that this MgO material achieved a 100% sterilization efficiency against Escherichia coli， with a minimum bactericidal concentration of 0.5 mg/mL， demonstrating excellent antibacterial efficacy. By constructing a "process-structure-performance" regulation system， this study provides reliable theoretical guidance and technical support for the preparation of high-performance， environmentally friendly nanostructured antibacterial materials based on natural dolomite.
- dolomite /
- magnesium oxide /
- antibacterial properties /
- spray pyrolysis /
- process-structure-performance

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参考文献(37)

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