基于非靶向技术分析地铁车辆基地污水新污染物特征及分布差异

潘继灏; 刘智颖; 周再玲; 吴荣础; 陈振国; 邱光磊

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202604003

基于非靶向技术分析地铁车辆基地污水新污染物特征及分布差异

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202604003

1. 广州地铁设计研究院股份有限公司, 广州 510091;
2. 华南师范大学环境学院, 广州 510006;
3. 华南理工大学环境与能源学院, 广州 510006

基金项目:

车辆基地污废水处理和排放工艺提升的应用研究项目（企事业委托项目）

详细信息

作者简介:
潘继灏(1985—),硕士,高级工程师。panjihao@dtsjy.com

通讯作者:
陈振国,博士,副研究员。zhenguo.chen@m.scnu.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-07-02
- 网络出版日期: 2026-06-06
- 刊出日期: 2026-04-01

Analysis of characteristics and distribution differences of emerging contaminants in wastewater from metro maintenance depots based on non-targeted techniques

1. Guangzhou Metro Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510091, China;
2. School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China;
3. School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China

摘要

摘要: 基于高分辨质谱非靶向筛查技术，系统识别了某地铁车辆基地3个功能区（检修库房区S1、办公生活区S2及排水出口S3）污水中新污染物的组成特征与空间分布。共筛查鉴定出417种污染物，涵盖工业材料、药物、农药、天然产物等8类，经匹配筛选出一级置信度污染物48种。其中，农药类污染物检出频率和浓度水平均较高，是主要的污染负荷来源。通过构建24种农药的半定量浓度热图，揭示出明显的空间分布差异：S2点位污染物种类和浓度均最高，反映生活区绿化管理与病媒防治的污染特征；S1与S3相对较低，显示出污染物在系统中的迁移、稀释与衰减规律。典型农药如治草醚在不同点位呈现梯度分布，推测其在污水输送过程中可能发生径流输入、水力输移与吸附转化等过程。研究结果揭示了城市交通基础设施污水中新污染物输入的多源性与复杂性，强调农药类物质需作为重点监管对象，可为新污染物环境行为识别与水环境风险管理提供数据支撑与科学依据。
- 污水 /
- 地铁车辆基地 /
- 新污染物 /
- 非靶向筛查 /
- 污染特征
Abstract: This study employed high-resolution mass spectrometry （HRMS）-based non-target screening to systematically identify the composition and spatial distribution characteristics of emerging contaminants （ECs） in wastewater from three functional zones of a metro maintenance station： the storeroom （S1）， the office and residential area （S2）， and the final discharge outlet （S3）. A total of 417 contaminants were detected， covering eight major categories including industrial materials， pharmaceuticals， pesticides， and natural products. Among them， 48 substances were identified with Level 1 confidence based on spectral matching. Pesticides exhibited the highest detection frequency and concentration levels， representing the primary source of contaminant load. Semi-quantitative concentration heatmaps of 24 pesticides revealed significant spatial variation： S2 exhibited the highest number and concentration of contaminants， reflecting pollution from landscaping and vector control activities in the residential area； S1 and S3 showed relatively lower levels， indicating dilution， migration， and attenuation processes within the system. Representative pesticides such as bifenox displayed clear concentration gradients across sampling points， suggesting multiple transport mechanisms such as surface runoff， hydraulic transfer， and sorption. These findings highlight the complexity and diversity of EC sources in urban transportation infrastructure wastewater， underscore the necessity of prioritizing pesticides in regulatory management， and provide fundamental data for understanding the environmental behavior of ECs and informing water environment risk assessment.
- sewage /
- metro maintenance station /
- emerging contaminants /
- non-target screening /
- pollution characteristics

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