再生水处理长期运行中反渗透膜污染空间异质性特征研究

刘金; 李亚雯; 李佳旸; 周一凡; 陈辰; 马丽媛; 尚兴盈

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202604011

再生水处理长期运行中反渗透膜污染空间异质性特征研究

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202604011

1. 天津泰达新水源科技开发有限公司, 天津 300457;
2. 天津科技大学海洋与环境学院, 天津 300457;
3. 天津市东丽区农业农村发展服务中心, 天津 300300

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目“轮胎磨损颗粒在饱和多孔介质中的迁移及其对有机污染物迁移行为的影响研究”（22006112）；企业科研项目“再生水处理工艺中膜污染机制及其防治研究”（20240410）

详细信息

作者简介:
刘金(1989—),男,副教授,主要研究方向为膜污染防治及再利用。liujin@tust.edu.cn

通讯作者:
刘金(1989—),男,副教授,主要研究方向为膜污染防治及再利用。liujin@tust.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-07-01
- 网络出版日期: 2026-06-06
- 刊出日期: 2026-04-01

Investigation of spatial heterogeneity in reverse osmosis membrane fouling during long-term operation of reclaimed water treatment

1. Tianjin TEDA New-Water Resource Technologies Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300457, China;
2. College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China;
3. Tianjin Dongli District Agricultural and Rural Development Service Center, Tianjin 300300, China

摘要

摘要: 随着全球水资源短缺问题的日益严峻，再生水利用成为保障水供应的有效策略之一。反渗透（RO）技术是再生水生产的关键，但膜污染严重制约其效能。针对再生水处理双膜法工艺长期运行后RO膜污染空间异质性的问题，研究结合多维度表征技术，揭示了运行3年半后RO膜进、出水端RO膜污染特征及微生物群落差异。长期监测发现，微滤-反渗透耦合工艺可将出水浊度稳定控制在0.1 NTU以下，电导率400 μS/cm，但RO系统进水压力呈现显著季节性波动，夏季与冬季压力波动幅度达15%~22%，这可能与水温变化导致的水体黏度变化密切相关。同时，RO膜表面污染以CaSO₄结晶和杆状微生物共生结构为主，但RO膜上微生物污染具有显著的空间差异性，进水端（RO1）以富集变形菌门（77.11%）、尤其是α-变形菌纲（71.49%）和微杆菌科等微生物形成的致密生物-无机复合污染为主；出水端（RO2）微生物群落丰度降低且结构改变，这可能与沿水流方向盐度升高驱动了微生物群落演替有关。研究阐明了长期运行中RO膜微生物污染的空间异质性特征与群落变化，为再生水厂优化RO运行管理、开发针对性抗污策略提供了重要理论依据和实践参考。
- 再生水 /
- 反渗透膜 /
- 生物污染 /
- 微生物群落 /
- 空间异质性
Abstract: With the increasingly severe global water scarcity， the utilization of reclaimed water has become an effective strategy to ensure water supply. Reverse osmosis （RO） technology is crucial for reclaimed water production， but membrane fouling severely constrains its efficiency. To address the spatial heterogeneity of RO membrane fouling after long-term operation in dual-membrane reclaimed water treatment processes， this study employs multi-dimensional characterization techniques to reveal fouling characteristics and microbial community differences at the inlet （RO1） and outlet （RO2） ends of RO membranes after 3.5 years of operation. Long-term monitoring shows that the microfiltration-reverse osmosis （MF-RO） coupled process stabilizes effluent turbidity below 0.1 NTU and conductivity under 400 μS/cm. However， the RO system's inlet pressure exhibits significant seasonal fluctuations （15%~22% amplitude in summer and winter）， which may be closely correlated to water viscosity changes induced by temperature variations. Simultaneously， while membrane surface fouling is predominantly characterized by calcium sulfate crystallization and rod-shaped microbial symbiotic structures， significant spatial heterogeneity exists in biofouling. The inlet end （RO1） features dense bio-inorganic composite fouling dominated by Proteobacteria （77.11%）， particularly Alphaproteobacteria （71.49%） and Microbacteriaceae. In contrast， the outlet end （RO2） shows reduced microbial abundance and altered community structure， likely driven by salinity gradients along the flow direction. This study elucidates the spatial heterogeneity of microbial fouling and community dynamics in long-term RO operation， providing critical theoretical and practical insights for optimizing RO management and developing targeted antifouling strategies in reclaimed water plants.
- reclaimed water /
- reverse osmosis membrane /
- biofouling /
- microbial community /
- spatial heterogeneity

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参考文献(45)

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