微乳液的制备及其用于页岩气钻井平台含油污泥原位脱油性能研究

何凌林; 廖松; 赵子宇; 赵萌婷; 高文; 王威; 刘盛余

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202604015

微乳液的制备及其用于页岩气钻井平台含油污泥原位脱油性能研究

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202604015

1. 成都信息工程大学, 成都 610225;
2. 四川环投能创科技有限公司, 成都 610200

基金项目:

四川省区域创新合作项目（2024YFHZ0137）

详细信息

作者简介:
何凌林(2000—),女,研究生,主要研究方向为污染控制及催化技术。2453058520@qq.com

通讯作者:
刘盛余(1976—),男,教授,主要研究方向为大气污染控制及催化技术。lsy@cuit.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-09-09
- 网络出版日期: 2026-06-06
- 刊出日期: 2026-04-01

Preparation of microemulsion and its in-situ oil removal performance on oily sludge from shale gas drilling platforms

1. Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China;
2. Sichuan Huanantou Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610200, China

摘要

摘要: 页岩气的开采过程会产生危险废物含油污泥。微乳液法具有耗能少、成本低、无需加热、除油效率高等优点，可实现页岩气钻井平台含油污泥原位脱油。目前需要探索一种复配微乳液，在提升微乳液对含油污泥的洗脱能力的同时，兼备较好的循环利用性能。利用十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）、α-烯基磺酸钠（AOS）分别作为表面活性剂制备单配微乳液，研究其相行变化规律，以及表面活性剂浓度、醇度、盐度对其脱油效果的影响。在此基础上，利用SDS、AOS分别与硅酸钠（Na₂SiO₃）制备复配微乳液，研究其相行变化规律。结果表明：SDS型微乳液去除率为86.33%，最佳配方为m（SDS）∶m（醇）∶m（NaCl）=2.72%∶13.21%∶2.17%；AOS型微乳液去除率为87.45%，最佳配方为m（SDS）∶m（醇）∶m（NaCl）=2.72%∶15.41%∶2.17%。SDS微乳液洗脱含油污泥的效果略低于AOS微乳液，但在制备和相稳定方面，SDS型微乳液效果更优。AOS-Na₂SiO₃型复配微乳液耐盐性好于SDS-Na₂SiO₃型复配微乳液，耐醇性则相反。SDS-Na₂SiO₃型复配微乳液脱油效率为92.47%，优于单配微乳液。在达到国家二次利用标准的基础上，复配微乳液可循环利用5次。该研究利用不同微乳液处理含油污泥，为含油污泥原位处理提供了新的思路和技术支撑。
- 微乳液技术 /
- 含油污泥 /
- 原位处置 /
- 危废处置 /
- 循环利用
Abstract: Shale gas extraction produces a lot of solid waste in the process of drilling and exploitation， and oily sludge has been listed as hazardous waste. The complex composition of oily sludge and a variety of harmful compounds make the treatment of oily sludge difficult. Microemulsion is made by mixing a certain proportion of oil， water， salt， surfactant， and cosurfactant. The microemulsion method has advantages， such as low energy consumption， low cost， no heating needed， high oil removal efficiency， and can realize the ability to recover crude oil resources， etc.， so it is suitable for the in-situ oil removal for oily sludge. At present， it is necessary to explore a kind of composite microemulsion， which can improve the elution ability of microemulsion on oily sludge and have better recycling performance. In this paper， Na₂SiO₃ was proposed to be used to compound single microemulsion （SDS-Na₂SiO₃ type， AOS-Na₂SiO₃ type）， and its dispersion performance was utilized to form a composite microemulsion with higher oil removal efficiency. Firstly， by studying the phase change rule and oil removal efficiency of the microemulsion configured with a single surfactant， the preparation， phase change rule， and recycling frequency of the microemulsion configured with Na₂SiO₃ composite surfactant were studied. On this basis， SDS and AOS were used to prepare the composite microemulsion with sodium silicate （Na₂SiO₃）， and the phase variation of the microemulsion was studied. The removal rate of SDS microemulsion was 86.33%. The optimal formula was SDS∶ alcohol∶ NaCl=2.72%∶ 13.21%∶ 2.17% （mass ratio）. The removal rate of AOS microemulsion was 87.45%， and the optimal formula was SDS∶ Alcohol∶ NaCl=2.72%∶ 15.41%∶ 2.17% （mass ratio）. The effect of SDS microemulsion on eluting oily sludge was slightly lower than that of AOS microemulsion， but SDS microemulsion had a better effect on preparation and phase stability. The salt resistance of AOS-Na₂SiO₃ composite microemulsion was better than that of SDS-Na₂SiO₃ composite microemulsion， but the alcohol resistance was opposite. The oil removal efficiency of SDS-Na₂SiO₃ composite microemulsion was 92.47%， better than that of the single microemulsion. On the basis of reaching the national secondary utilization standard， the compound microemulsion can be reused for 5 times. This study，provides a new idea and technical support for in-situ treatment of oily sludge.
- micro-emulsion technology /
- oily sludge /
- in-situ disposal /
- hazardous waste disposal /
- recycling

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