基于地表水-地下水耦合模型的大型集水廊道水位动态模拟研究

杨州航; 郝龙; 崔勇; 张恩泽

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202605012

基于地表水-地下水耦合模型的大型集水廊道水位动态模拟研究

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202605012

杨州航¹,
郝龙²,
崔勇³,
张恩泽^1, ,

1. 北京工业大学建筑工程学院, 北京 100124;
2. 中铁二十局集团第六工程有限公司, 西安 710032;
3. 河北省水利水电勘测设计研究院集团有限公司, 天津 300220

基金项目:

中铁二十局集团有限公司科研计划项目（YF2306SL19B）

详细信息

作者简介:
杨州航(2000—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事地下水、地表水交互研究。yzh625839@emails.bjut.edu.cn

通讯作者:
张恩泽(1990—),男,助理研究员,主要研究方向为水文水资源。zhangenze@bjut.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2026-01-01
- 网络出版日期: 2026-06-06

Dynamic simulation of water level in large-scale infiltration galleries using a surface water-groundwater coupled model

1. College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China;
2. China Railway 20th Bureau Group Sixth Engineering Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710032, China;
3. Hebei Hydroelectric Investigation, Design and Research Institute Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300220, China

摘要

摘要: 大型集水廊道的取水过程会诱发地表水-地下水交换关系的显著演变。然而，现有模型多将廊道作边界简化或松散耦合处理，受限于迭代交换算法，往往无法精确刻画系统间的水量动态交互与瞬态响应。为此，以石家庄大型河床渗滤取水与净水工程为对象，利用HydroGeoSphere的双节点耦合方法，建立了包含地表水、地下水及集水廊道的三域一体化全耦合数值模型。模型分别设置丰水期与枯水期2种上游来水情景，并分别模拟单泵抽水（1000 m³/h）和不抽水2种工况下区域地下水水位演化特征及各域间水量交换过程。模拟结果表明：在抽水条件下，地下水水位整体呈现明显下降，其中，枯水期响应最为显著，最大水位降深约为1.24 m；廊道附近观测井对抽水的水位响应明显提前，其达到最大水位下降速率的时间较远离廊道区域观测井提前2～3 d。进一步分析各情景达到水量平衡后的交换特征发现，各域间水量交换存在显著差异：总体上，丰水期地表水对地下水的补给量高于枯水期，且在抽水条件下，集水廊道与地下水之间的水量交互显著增强。水量交换空间分布主要集中于横向与纵向廊道区域，这与廊道开孔结构对周围地层渗透条件的影响特征相一致。研究结果揭示了大型集水廊道运行条件下地下水动态变化及地表水-地下水-廊道之间的交互规律，可为类似河床渗滤取水工程的规划设计与运行管理提供理论参考。
- 集水廊道 /
- 地表水-地下水交换 /
- 双节点耦合 /
- 数值模型 /
- 渗滤取水
Abstract: The water extraction process of large-scale infiltration galleries can significantly alter the exchange dynamics between surface water and groundwater. However， the existing models often simplify the gallery as a boundary condition or adopt a loosely coupling schemes， and are typically constrained by iterative exchange algorithms， which often fail to accurately capture the dynamic water flux interactions and transient responses among system components. To address this limitation， this study focused on the large riverbed infiltration and purification water supply project in Shijiazhuang， China， and established an integrated three-domain fully coupled numerical model—encompassing surface water， groundwater， and the infiltration gallery—using the dual-node coupling approach in HydroGeoSphere. The model set two upstream inflow scenarios （wet season and dry season conditions） and simulated the characteristics of regional groundwater level evolution and the water exchange processes among various domains under two operational modes： single-pump extraction at 1000 m³/h and no pumping. Simulation results showed that groundwater levels declined markedly under pumping， with the most pronounced response occurring during the dry season， where the maximum drawdown reached approximately 1.24 m. Monitoring wells near the gallery showed an obviously earlier hydraulic response to pumping， reaching peak drawdown rates about 2 to 3 days sooner than wells located farther away. Further analysis of water exchange characteristics at steady-state balance revealed significant differences across scenarios： overall， surface water contributed more recharge to groundwater during the wet season than in the dry season， and the water exchange between the infiltration gallery and the aquifer was substantially enhanced under pumping conditions. Spatially， the water exchange was concentrated primarily around the transverse and longitudinal gallery sections， consistent with the localized enhancement of permeability induced by the perforated structure of the gallery. These findings revealed the groundwater dynamics and multi-domain interaction mechanisms under operational conditions of large-scale infiltration galleries， providing a theoretical basis for the planning， design， and sustainable operation of similar riverbed infiltration water supply systems.
- infiltration gallery /
- surface water-groundwater exchange /
- dual-node coupling /
- numerical model /
- infiltration water extraction

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