氯代烃污染地下水原位厌氧强化生物修复中试

庄健鸿; 邢玉权; 刘坤; 陈吕军; 陈波洋

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202605014

氯代烃污染地下水原位厌氧强化生物修复中试

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202605014

1. 北京博诚立新环境科技股份有限公司, 北京 100044;
2. 重庆市生态环境科学研究院, 重庆 401147;
3. 清华大学环境学院, 北京 100084

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划课题（2020YFC1808205）

详细信息

作者简介:
庄健鸿(1983—),男,高级工程师,主要研究方向为土壤及地下水污染修复与风险管控。chongjh@163.com

通讯作者:
陈波洋(1970—),男,正高级工程师,主要研究方向为土壤及地下水污染生物修复。bychen@bosentech.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-07-01
- 网络出版日期: 2026-06-06

Pilot-scale study on enhanced in-situ anaerobic bioremediation of CAHs-contaminated groundwater

1. Beijing Bosentech Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100044, China;
2. Chongqing Academy of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China;
3. School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

摘要

摘要: 以典型氯代烃污染场地为研究对象，开展了深度达40 m的基岩裂隙区氯代烃污染地下水的原位厌氧强化生物修复中试。中试采用自主研发的厌氧脱卤菌剂BS-1，通过适配碳源、营养助剂的注入有效调控适宜厌氧脱卤菌生长的地下环境，利用加压氮气注入的方式，促进了药剂在低渗透基岩裂隙中的有效扩散，并对地下水持续监测399 d以评估中试效果。中试结果表明：1）加压氮气注入的方式有效促了进药剂在低渗透裂隙基岩区的扩散和均匀分布，修复影响半径可达5.0 m，一定程度上解决了低渗透基岩裂隙区药剂传输受限的难题；2）通过缓释碳源与速效碳源的注入，实现了地下水环境指标的快速调控与长期维持，为厌氧脱卤菌创造了长达1年以上的理想生长条件，促进氯代烃类污染物的生物降解；3）缓释碳源乳化油，可为地下水中厌氧脱卤菌提供稳定且持久的碳源与电子供体，有效减少了生物修复过程中的碳源注入频率，节省了操作成本；4）厌氧脱卤菌剂BS-1通过厌氧生物还原脱氯途径，使地下水中氯乙烯、顺-1，2-二氯乙烯、三氯乙烯、氯仿等多种氯代烃污染物实现了高效且彻底的降解，去除率高达95%，部分时段可达到GB/T 14848—2017《地下水质量标准》Ⅳ类标准。该菌剂在污染场地的成功应用，为国内氯代烃污染地下水修复提供了一种经济可行且高效的解决方案，具有广阔的工程应用前景。
- 氯代烃 /
- 地下水污染 /
- 有机卤呼吸细菌 /
- 原位厌氧脱卤生物修复 /
- 生物强化 /
- 乳化植物油 /
- 缓释碳源 /
- 基岩裂隙区
Abstract: Chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons （CAHs） are one of the primary contaminants in groundwater at industrial sites in China. A pilot-scale study was conducted at a contaminated site in southwest China to verify the effectiveness of in-situ anaerobic bioremediation for CAHs-contaminated groundwater， using an anaerobic bioaugmentation culture named BS-1. The contaminated groundwater was located in a low-permeability bedrock fracture zone with a depth of up to 40 m. This study involved the injection of carbon sources， nutrients， and dechlorinating bacteria， and lasted for 399 days after the initial injection. First， sodium citrate and emulsified oil as carbon sources， mixed with some nutrients， were injected through injection wells and direct-push injection points to create a favourable geochemical environment for microbial growth. Then， the BS-1 culture， containing the dechlorinating bacteria Dehalococcoides， Desulfitobacterium， and Dehalogenimonas， was injected into the target treatment zone. Following each liquid injection， pressurized nitrogen gas was injected. The results showed that： 1） the injection of liquid amendments followed by gas injection effectively distributed the nutrients and bacteria in the low-permeability aquifer， and the radius of influence zone reached 5.0 m； 2） two types of carbon sources （slow-release and soluble） maintained the groundwater in an anaerobic state over the long term （ORP less than -100 mV） and provided sufficient electron donors for reductive dechlorination by dechlorinating bacteria； 3） emulsified vegetable oil was used as a slow-release carbon source for the growth of anaerobic dechlorinating bacteria and reduced the injection frequency of electron donors； 4） the target CAHs， including vinyl chloride， cis-1，2-dichloroethylene， trichloroethylene， and chloroform， were effectively dechlorinated to innocuous end products by the BS-1 culture， with removal efficiencies exceeding 95%. This study provides a green， economical， and effective solution for the remediation of CAHs-contaminated sites in China. The self-developed bioremediation material and technologies have huge application potential in remediation engineering.
- chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons /
- groundwater contamination /
- organohalide-respiring bacteria /
- in-situ anaerobic dehalogenation bioremediation /
- bioaugmentation /
- emulsified vegetable oil /
- slow-release carbon source /
- bedrock fracture zone

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参考文献(29)

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