城市再生水厂碳排放平衡模型构建及碳中和路径分析

庞洪涛; 侯锋; 朱柯; 张璐晶; 李朋; 江乐勇; 孙事昊

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202606005

城市再生水厂碳排放平衡模型构建及碳中和路径分析

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202606005

信开环境投资集团有限公司, 北京 101101

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划“多目标城市污水资源化核心工艺与模式”（2022YFC3203103）

详细信息

作者简介:
庞洪涛,男,博士,教授级高工,主要研究方向为城镇水污染控制与治理。panghongtao@sdic.com.cn

通讯作者:
朱柯,男,博士,主要研究方向为城镇污水处理厂余温热能高效利用、热泵技术优化及双碳研究。zhukebj0306@163.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-08-16
- 录用日期: 2025-09-23
- 修回日期: 2025-09-12
- 网络出版日期: 2026-07-06

Establishment of a carbon emission balance model and analysis of carbon neutrality pathways for urban reclaimed water plants

Xinkai Environment Investment Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 101101, China

摘要

摘要: “双碳”背景下，采取节能降耗、资源、能源利用等措施是城市再生水厂实现“碳中和”的必然路径。鉴于此，研究以降碳、替碳、碳汇的方式，构建城市再生水厂碳排放平衡模型及核算方法，并结合碳排放平衡率评估城市再生水厂“碳中和”的最优路径。选用10万t/d城市再生厂为范例进行模型实用性验证，结果显示：厂区碳排放总量20934 t，再生水源热泵供暖/制冷的碳减排总量为21701 t，碳排放平衡率为103.7%；其他形式的碳减排总量为15424 t，碳排放平衡率为73.7%，再生水源热泵是实现碳中和的关键环节。再生水源热泵若提取27%、36%余温热能，分别耦合再生水回用或污泥厌氧消化-热电联产，这2种路径均能达到 100%的碳排放平衡率。假设再生水源热泵全年不间断提取余温热能，碳排放平衡率为213%，对比污泥厌氧消化-热电联产，利用余温热能与化学能的碳减排比为8.76∶1。研究表明，城市再生水厂可通过以上多种途径实现“碳中和”，其中余温热能回收具有巨大潜力。
- 城市再生水厂 /
- 再生水源热泵 /
- 碳排放平衡 /
- 碳中和 /
- 再生水
Abstract: In the context of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality， it is imperative that urban reclaimed water plants achieve carbon neutrality through measures such as energy conservation， consumption reduction， and enhanced resource and energy utilization. In view of this， this study developed a carbon emission balance model and an accounting method for such plants， incorporating strategies of carbon emission reduction， carbon substitution， and carbon sink. Additionally， the optimal pathway towards carbon neutrality was further evaluated based on the carbon emission balance ratio. To validate the practicality of the model， urban reclaimed water plants （1×10⁵ m³/d） were selected as case studies. The results indicated that their total carbon emissions amounted to 20934 t CO₂e， while the total carbon emission reduction from the reclaimed water source heat pumps for heating and cooling was 21701 t CO₂e， resulting in a carbon emission balance ratio of 103.7%. In contrast， other carbon emission reduction measures contributed a total reduction of 15424 t CO₂e， with a carbon emission balance ratio of 73.7%. These findings highlighted that reclaimed water source heat pumps played a pivotal role in achieving carbon neutrality. When the reclaimed water source heat pump extracted 27% and 36% of residual thermal energy and was respectively coupled with reclaimed water reuse or sludge anaerobic digestion-cogeneration systems， both pathways achieved a 100% carbon emission balance ratio. Assuming continuous year-round extraction of residual thermal energy by the pump， a ratio of 213% was achieved. Compared to sludge anaerobic digestion-cogeneration， the carbon emission reduction ratio between utilizing residual thermal energy and chemical energy was 8.76：1. This study demonstrates that urban reclaimed water plants can achieve carbon neutrality through the above multiple pathways， among which the recovery of residual thermal energy exhibits significant potential.
- urban reclaimed water plant /
- reclaimed water source heat pump /
- carbon emission balance /
- carbon neutrality /
- reclaimed water

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