印染污泥/重金属污染土壤焚烧飞灰制备烧结陶粒：重金属稳定化机制与烧结条件优化

李治尧; 沈凯; 谢文刚; 胡骏嵩; 杨禹; 骆文轩; 许康; 张亚平

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202607007

印染污泥/重金属污染土壤焚烧飞灰制备烧结陶粒：重金属稳定化机制与烧结条件优化

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202607007

中国市政工程中南设计研究总院有限公司, 武汉 430010

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划子课题“多源污泥热化学耦合转化、高效焚烧及污染物协同减排技术研究”（2020YFC1908703-01）

详细信息

作者简介:
李治尧（1997—），男，主要研究方向为固废资源化利用。1216317533@qq.com

通讯作者:
谢文刚（1986—），男，正高级工程师，主要研究方向为固废资源化利用。415851668@qq.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-11-25
- 网络出版日期: 2026-09-01

Sintered ceramsites from heavy metal-contaminated soil and printing and dyeing sludge fly ash： mechanisms of heavy metal stabilization and optimization of sintering condition

Central & Southem China Municipal Engineening Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430010, China

摘要

摘要: 印染污泥（PDS）粉煤灰由于含有重金属（HMs）种类多、含量高，常被视为危险废物。研究以印染污泥粉煤灰与重金属污染土为原料制备陶粒，系统试验考察烧结工艺对陶粒物理性能与重金属迁移转化的影响，并阐释重金属固化机理。试验获得的最优工艺条件为：400 ℃下预热10 min，随后升温至1150 ℃，并保温10 min。在该工艺条件下制得的陶粒1 h的吸水率为2.7%，堆积密度为830 kg/m³，各重金属挥发率<15%，残渣态（F4）比例>86%。1150 ℃的烧结温度可使陶粒中重金属挥发量最小化，并促进陶粒中重金属转化为残渣态（F4）。表征结果表明，在陶粒烧结过程中形成了玻璃相对重金属具有包裹作用，同时无定形硅铝基团与重金属反应形成稳定的硅铝酸盐，可以协同降低陶粒中重金属的迁移风险。
- 陶粒 /
- 印染污泥 /
- 重金属 /
- 污染土壤 /
- 固化/稳定化
Abstract: Printing and dyeing sludge （PDS） fly ash are often regarded as hazardous wastes due to the wide variety and high content of heavy metals （HMs） they contain. The co-disposal of hazardous waste sintered ceramsites has attracted attention because of its low energy consumption and simple operation. In this study， printing and dyeing sludge fly ash and heavy metal contaminated soil were used to produce ceramsites. It investigated the effects of the sintering process on the physical properties and heavy metal migration and transformation of ceramsites， while also explored the potential mechanism of heavy metal solidification. The optimal sintering conditions were identified as preheating at 400 ℃ for 10 minutes， followed by heating to 1150 ℃ for a duration of 10 minutes. Under these conditions， the ceramsites demonstrated excellent physical properties， minimal heavy metal volatilization， and a high proportion of residual heavy metals. Specifically， the ceramsites achieved a water absorption rate of 2.7% （after 1 h）， a bulk density of 830 kg/m³， heavy metal volatilization rate below 15%， and a residual heavy metal fraction proportion exceeding 86%. The optimal sintering temperature of 1150 ℃ minimized HM volatilization， resulting in the highest proportion of the residual fraction （F4） within the ceramsites. Characterization result revealed that the combination of heavy metal encapsulation by the glass phase during sintering and the formation of stable silica-aluminate by the reaction of amorphous silica-alumina radicals with heavy metals through crystallization and adsorption，were responsible for the reduction of heavy metal migration risk in ceramsites. However， excessively high sintering temperature （≥1200 ℃） was found to destabilize the ceramsite structure， leading to the secondary release of heavy metals. This highlights the importance of maintaining optimal sintering conditions to ensure both material performance and environmental safety. This research provided an efficient and simple process route for the resource utilization of dyeing sludge， fly ash and contaminated soil with heavy metals.
- ceramsite /
- printing and dyeing sludge /
- contaminated soil /
- heavy metal /
- immobilization/stabilization

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