蚯蚓黏液协同不同生物炭对污泥堆肥中重金属生物有效性影响研究

王兴明; 鲁浩澎; 沈露; 储昭霞

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202607013

蚯蚓黏液协同不同生物炭对污泥堆肥中重金属生物有效性影响研究

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202607013

1. 安徽理工大学地球与环境学院安徽省高潜水位矿区水土资源综合利用与生态保护工程实验室, 安徽淮南 232001;
2. 皖江工学院马鞍山土地检测评估与修复工程技术研究中心, 安徽马鞍山 243031;
3. 淮南师范学院生物工程学院资源与环境生物技术安徽普通高校重点实验室, 安徽淮南 232038

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目（51878004）；马鞍山土地检测评估与修复工程技术研究中心开放基金资助（TDJC24002）；2023年度省级新时代育人质量工程（研究生教育）（2023zyxwjxalk069）

详细信息

作者简介:
王兴明（1981—），男，副教授，主要从事环境污染与生态修复研究。w17364301189@163.com

通讯作者:
沈露（1984—），女，副教授，从事水文地质方向研究。wt14049@wjut.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-07-29
- 网络出版日期: 2026-09-01

Synergistic effects of earthworm mucus and different biochars on heavy metal bioavailability in sludge composting

1. Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory of Water and Soil Resources Comprehensive Utilization and Ecological Protection in High Groundwater Mining Area, School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China;
2. Ma'anshan Engineering Technology Research Center of Land Test Evaluation and Restoration, Wanjiang University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243031, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Bioresource and Environmental Biotechnology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Biological Engineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan 232038, China

摘要

摘要: 为探讨蚯蚓黏液协同不同生物炭堆肥对污泥中重金属生物有效性的影响，向污泥中添加蚯蚓黏液和2种生物炭（稻壳炭、秸秆炭）进行堆肥试验，分析蚯蚓黏液协同生物炭堆肥对污泥理化性质、重金属总量、有效态和赋存状态的影响。结果表明：相较污泥单独堆肥，添加黏液后污泥pH、电导率EC增加，总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）含量降低；黏液协同生物炭堆肥进一步增加了污泥pH与EC，降低了TN含量，其中，添加黏液与10%稻壳炭对污泥的处理效果最佳。黏液单独堆肥可降低污泥重金属（Cd、Cu、Ni、Zn、Pb）总量和生物有效性，添加不同比例和类型生物炭后，污泥重金属总量和有效态含量降低幅度更为显著，黏液协同稻壳炭堆肥对污泥中Cd去除效果较好，Cd总量和有效态含量较对照组分别下降27.03%~55.68%和9.52%~28.57%（P<0.05），黏液协同秸秆炭堆肥对污泥中Ni、Zn和Pb去除效果更优，三者总量较对照组分别下降3.81%~5.72% 、7.93%~34.62%和42.61%~79.46%，有效态含量较对照组分别下降2.90%~26.31%、15.58%~24.14%、32.30%~36.88%（P<0.05）。添加黏液协同生物炭进行污泥堆肥后，污泥中Cd 、Ni和Pb碳酸盐结合态逐渐向残渣态转化；添加黏液和生物炭堆肥后，污泥中重金属可交换态逐渐向铁残渣态转化，其中添加秸秆炭堆肥对污泥中重金属钝化效果最好，Cd、Cu、Ni、Zn、Pb残渣态较对照组分别上升0.35%~7.02%、8.61%~12.90%、16.62%~23.02%、17.33%~26.10%、16.12%~27.20%（P<0.05）。因此，蚯蚓黏液协同稻壳、秸秆生物炭堆肥能有效降低污泥中重金属浓度和有效态含量，具有在污泥堆肥方面的应用前景。
- 蚯蚓黏液 /
- 污泥 /
- 稻壳炭 /
- 秸秆炭 /
- 重金属
Abstract: To investigate the synergistic effects of earthworm mucus and different biochars on the bioavailability of heavy metals in sludge， composting experiments were conducted by adding earthworm mucus and two distinct biochar types （rice husk biochar and straw biochar） to sludge. This study analyzed the impacts of earthworm mucus synergistically combined with different biochars on the physicochemical properties of sludge， as well as on the total heavy metal content， bioavailable fractions， and occurrence states. The results indicated that， compared with sludge composted alone， the addition of mucus increased sludge pH and electrical conductivity （EC）but reduced total nitrogen （TN） and total phosphorus （TP） contents. Synergistic mucus-biochar composting further elevated sludge pH and EC whilst lowering TN content， with the optimal treatment achieved by adding mucus together with 10% rice husk biochar. Mucus-only composting reduced the total contents of heavy metals （Cd， Cu， Ni， Zn， Pb） and their bioavailability in sludge. The addition of different proportions and types of biochar further significantly decreased total heavy metal contents and bioavailable fractions. Mucus-enhanced composting with rice husk biochar demonstrated superior Cd removal， with total and bioavailable Cd levels decreasing by 27.03% to 55.68% and 9.52% to 28.57%， respectively， compared with the control group （P < 0.05）. Synergistic composting with mucus and straw biochar showed superior removal of Ni， Zn， and Pb， reducing total levels by 3.81% to 5.72%， 7.93% to 34.62%， and 42.61% to 79.46%， respectively， while the bioavailable fractions decreased by 2.90% to 26.31%， 15.58% to 24.14%， and 32.30% to 36.88%， respectively， compared with the control group （P < 0.05）. Following composting with mucus addition， the carbonate-bound fractions of Cd， Ni， and Pb in the sludge gradually transformed into residual fractions. After composting with mucus and biochar， the exchangeable fractions of heavy metals in the sludge progressively shifted toward Fe-Mn oxide-bound fractions. Among all treatments， straw biochar addition demonstrated the most effective heavy metal passivation in sludge， with the residual fractions of Cd， Cu， Ni， Zn， and Pb increasing by 0.35% to 7.02%， 8.61% to 12.90%， 16.62% to 23.02%， 17.33% to 26.10%， and 16.12% to 27.20%， respectively， compared with the control group （P < 0.05）. In summary， synergistic composting with earthworm mucus and biochar effectively reduced and passivated heavy metal contents in sludge. Earthworm mucus combined with these two biochars has promising application prospects in sludge composting.
- earthworm mucus /
- sludge /
- rice husk biochar /
- straw biochar /
- heavy metals

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