生物炭增强餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵产挥发性脂肪酸的机制

石芳荧; 陈静婷; 杨万里; 徐期勇; 王宁

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202607019

生物炭增强餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵产挥发性脂肪酸的机制

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202607019

1. 北京大学深圳研究生院环境与能源学院深圳再生复合环保材料工程实验室, 广东深圳 518055;
2. 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所海南省热带生态循环农业重点实验室, 海口 571101

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金区域联合基金（U24A20188）；海南省重点研发项目（ZDYF2024XDNY273）

详细信息

作者简介:
石芳荧（2002—），女，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为固体废物处理与处置。2401212950@stu.pku.edu.cn

通讯作者:
王宁（1995—），男，助理研究员，主要研究方向为固体废物处理与处置。wangning@catas.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2026-03-28
- 网络出版日期: 2026-09-01

Mechanism of biochar for enhancing VFAs production during anaerobic fermentation of food waste

1. Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Eco-efficient Recycled Materials, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China;
2. Hainan Key Laboratory for Tropical Ecological Circular Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Haikou 571101, China

摘要

摘要: 以餐厨垃圾为发酵底物，通过批式厌氧发酵实验，系统探究了添加生物炭对挥发性脂肪酸（VFAs）产量、生物气组成、发酵液理化性质及微生物群落结构的影响机制。结果表明：添加生物炭（1 g/L）可提升VFAs产量，总VFAs浓度达到2150 mg/L，较对照组提高30.2%，乙酸、丙酸和丁酸是主要的VFAs成分。在发酵体系中，生物炭展现出良好的pH缓冲作用，稳定了发酵环境；同时其多孔结构通过吸附发酵过程中的离子，导致电导率低于对照组。微生物群落分析显示，添加生物炭富集了Defluviitoga和norank_f__Family_XI属等关键产酸菌属，优化了微生物的群落结构，进而有利于有机酸的产生。综上所述，生物炭通过改善发酵微环境、增强系统缓冲能力及调控菌群组成，可有效促进餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵过程中VFAs的高效积累，为餐厨垃圾资源化处理提效提供理论支撑。
- 生物炭 /
- 餐厨垃圾 /
- 厌氧发酵 /
- 挥发性脂肪酸
Abstract: This study investigated the effects of biochar on volatile fatty acids （VFAs） production， biogas composition， physicochemical properties of the fermentation broth， and microbial community structure through batch anaerobic fermentation experiments using food waste as the substrate. The results demonstrated that the addition of biochar （1 g/L） significantly enhanced VFAs production， with the total VFAs concentration reaching 2150 mg/L in the biochar group， which was 30.2% higher than that of the control group. Acetic acid， propionic acid， and butyric acid were identified as the primary VFAs components. In the fermentation system， biochar exhibited a notable pH-buffering effect， stabilizing the fermentation environment. Additionally， its porous structure adsorbed ions during the fermentation process， resulting in a slightly lower electrical conductivity compared to the control group. Microbial community analysis revealed that biochar addition enriched key acidogenic bacteria， such as Defluviitoga and norank_f__Family_XI， optimizing the microbial community structure， and thereby facilitating organic acid production. In summary， biochar effectively promoted the efficient accumulation of VFAs during anaerobic fermentation of food waste by improving the fermentation microenvironment， enhancing system buffering capacity， and regulating microbial community composition. These findings provide theoretical support for sustainable enhancement of resource utilization of food waste.
- biochar /
- food waste /
- anaerobic fermentation /
- volatile fatty acids

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