政策干预下闽江感潮河段枯水期抗生素污染特征与生态风险评价

付俊杰; 马晓丹; 叶增杰; 谢蓉蓉; 陈羲; 闫振华; 赵轩; 李家兵; 胡威; 蒋彩萍; 王江飞; 陈微; 袁钰澜

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202608007

政策干预下闽江感潮河段枯水期抗生素污染特征与生态风险评价

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202608007

付俊杰¹,
马晓丹^1,2, ,,
叶增杰¹,
谢蓉蓉^1,2,
陈羲^3,4,
闫振华^3,4,
赵轩¹,
李家兵^1,2,
胡威¹,
蒋彩萍⁵,
王江飞⁵,
陈微⁵,
袁钰澜⁶

1. 福建师范大学环境与资源学院/碳中和现代产业学院, 福州 350007;
2. 福建师范大学福建省污染控制与资源循环利用重点实验室, 福州 350007;
3. 河海大学区域水循环与水安全全国重点实验室, 南京 210024;
4. 河海大学环境学院, 南京 210024;
5. 浙江省生态环境监测中心水环境监测部, 杭州 310000;
6. 浙江省生态环境监测中心科技与综合发展部, 杭州 310000

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目（42207147）；浙江省生态环境监测预警及质控研究重点实验室开放基金科研计划项目（EEMFQ-2024-7）

详细信息

作者简介:
付俊杰。2038227712@qq.com

通讯作者:
马晓丹，博士，主要研究方向为新污染物水生态风险识别阻控。mxdsean@fjnu.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2026-04-09

Pollution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of antibiotics at tidal reaches of the Minjiang River during low water periods under policy intervention

1. College of Environmental and Resource Sciences & Colege of Carbon Neutral Modern Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Recycling of Fujian Province, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Water Security, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China;
4. College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China;
5. Department of Water Environment Monitoring, Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China;
6. Department of Technology and Comprehensive Development, Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China

摘要

摘要: 闽江流域承受生活、农业和工业的复合污染压力，已成为研究抗生素等新兴污染物环境行为的典型敏感区。研究通过跨年度系统监测，比较2022年11月和2024年11月枯水期9个采样点水体抗生素组成和浓度。结果表明：1）福建省落实《全国兽用抗菌药使用减量化行动方案》后，四环素类（TCs）抗生素检出浓度得以下降（如多西环素浓度从7.75 ng/L降至未检出），全流域混合风险熵（MRQ）从中风险降至低风险，但林可霉素（最高4.6 ng/L）和克拉霉素（1.3 ng/L）及氟甲喹（0.6 ng/L）新增检出，说明隐性替代生态风险递增；2）抗生素高浓度区从2022年城市生活区转移至2024年水产养殖密集区及上游库区，枯水期水量减少导致的富集效应与潮汐顶托作用协同放大了污染物累积，且农业用地向养殖塘转化导致替代药物（如磺胺甲基嘧啶）使用增加，而政策干预则遏制了建筑用地加重城市抗生素污染负荷。该研究阐明了政策调控与自然调节协同作用下抗生素污染的迁移规律，强调需关注替代药物的隐性风险及土地利用变化的驱动作用，可为流域新污染物风险评估和精准治理提供科学依据。
- 抗生素 /
- 替代药物 /
- 政策干预 /
- 抗生素污染特征 /
- 生态风险
Abstract: The Minjiang River Basin， subjected to combined pollution from domestic， agricultural， and industrial sources， has become a typical sensitive area for studying the environmental behavior of emerging contaminants such as antibiotics. This study conducted a cross-year comparative analysis of the composition and concentrations of antibiotics in water samples from nine sampling sites during the dry season in November 2022 and 2024. The findings revealed： 1） After the implementation of the “National Action Plan for Reducing Antimicrobial Use in Livestock”， the detection concentrations of tetracycline antibiotics （TCs） decreased （e.g.， doxycycline concentrations dropped from 7.75 ng/L to the undetectable level）， and the mixed risk quotient （MRQ） across the entire basin transitioned from medium to low level. However， lincomycin （up to 4.6 ng/L）， clarithromycin （1.3 ng/L）， and florfenicol （0.6 ng/L） have emerged， indicating an increasing hidden ecological risk from substitution； 2） High-concentration antibiotic zones transferred from urban residential areas in 2022 to intensive aquaculture zones and upstream reservoir areas in 2024. The reduction in dry-season water flow intensified pollutant accumulation， synergistically enhancing the effects of tidal drag. Additionally， the conversion of agricultural land to aquaculture ponds led to increased use of alternative drugs （e.g.， sulfamethazine）， while policy interventions mitigated the exacerbation of urban antibiotic pollution by construction land. This study elucidates the migration patterns of antibiotic pollution under the combined effects of policy regulation and natural processes， emphasizing focusing on the hidden risks from alternative drugs and the driving role of land-use changes. It provides a scientific basis for the risk assessment and targeted management of emerging contaminants in river basins.
- antibiotics /
- alternative drugs /
- policy intervention /
- characteristics of antibiotic pollution /
- ecological risk

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