船舶作业VOCs废气分子筛吸附：水分竞争效应与孔径匹配机制

寿幼平; 乔建哲; 赵俊杰; 伊忠贤; 王健

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202608028

船舶作业VOCs废气分子筛吸附：水分竞争效应与孔径匹配机制

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202608028

1. 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所水路交通环保行业重点实验室, 天津 300456;
2. 华北电力大学环境科学与工程学院, 北京 102206

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金面上项目“磁性铁氧化物纳米颗粒强化菌-藻共生体系脱氮性能及其机制研究”（52370038）；天津市重点研发计划项目“挥发性危化品海上泄漏多介质迁移转化模拟与应急处置智能决策应用研究”（24YFZCSN00110）；天津市科技计划项目-科技重大专项“石化行业新污染物排放优控清单与风险阻控关键技术及示范”（25ZXSFSN00020）

详细信息

作者简介:
寿幼平（1985—），女，高级工程师，主要研究方向为水运行业污染物处理技术。syp851228@126.com

通讯作者:
乔建哲（1983—），男，高级工程师，主要研究方向为港口污染物处理技术。qiaojianzhe@163.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-10-13

Adsorption of VOCs by molecular sieves in shipboard operations： water competition effect and pore size matching mechanism

1. Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection in Water Transport Engineering, Tianjin Research Institute of Water Transport Engineering, Ministry of Communications, Tianjin 300456, China;
2. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China

摘要

摘要: 船舶装载挥发性有机物（VOCs）废气成分复杂，以7种典型VOCs（甲醇、二氯甲烷、三氯乙烯、对二甲苯、丙烯腈、苯、乙腈）为代表，研究不同分子筛（ZSM-5、β和HY）在含水率变化（0%、2.5%、5%）条件下对各组分的选择性吸附性能，并重点研究了ZSM-5-全硅和HY-100两种分子筛对丙烯腈、对二甲苯混合体系的竞争吸附行为。实验结果表明：1）分子筛饱和吸附量随着含水率增加而下降，水分子与VOCs存在明显的竞争吸附效应；2）分子筛的选择性吸附遵循孔径匹配原理，ZSM-5（孔径0.54~0.56 nm）适合二氯甲烷、三氯乙烯、乙腈、丙烯腈等C1—C3小分子吸附（吸附容量10~50 mg/g），β分子筛（孔径1.1~1.2 nm）对C3—C6分子具有最佳普适性，HY分子筛（孔径2.16~2.76 nm）更适合C8大分子吸附（吸附容量100~120 mg/g）；3）多组分VOCs体系中，通过优化分子筛配比和排列方式，可使不同组分的吸附容量趋于平衡，显著延长混合VOCs的穿透时间。
- 船舶装载废气 /
- 分子筛 /
- 多组分VOCs /
- 竞争吸附 /
- 含水率
Abstract: The multi-component volatile organic compounds （VOCs） waste gas generated during ship loading operations have a complex composition， typically including methanol， dichloromethane， trichloroethylene， p-xylene， acrylonitrile， benzene， acetonitrile， and other organic compounds， which are difficult to treat under the high-humidity conditions of marine environments. In this study， the above seven typical VOCs were selected as representatives. Three types of molecular sieves with different pore sizes， namely ZSM-5， β-type， and HY， were systematically screened， and their selective adsorption performance for various components was investigated under varying moisture content conditions （0%， 2.5%， and 5%）. The competitive adsorption behavior of an acrylonitrile and p-xylene mixed system on ZSM-5-all-silica and HY-100 molecular sieves was particularly examined. The experimental results showed that： 1） the saturated adsorption capacity of the molecular sieves decreased with increasing moisture content， indicating an obvious competitive adsorption effect between water molecules and VOCs； 2） the selective adsorption of the molecular sieves followed the pore size matching principle： ZSM-5 （pore size： 0.54 to 0.56 nm） was suitable for the adsorption of small C1 to C3 molecules such as dichloromethane， trichloroethylene， acetonitrile， and acrylonitrile （adsorption capacity： 10 to 50 mg/g）； β-type molecular sieves （pore size： 1.1 to 1.2 nm） exhibited the best universality for C3 to C6 molecules； and HY molecular sieves （pore size： 2.16 to 2.76 nm） were more suitable for the adsorption of large C8 molecules such as p-xylene （adsorption capacity： 100 to 120 mg/g）； 3） in multi-component VOCs systems， by optimizing the proportion and arrangement of molecular sieves， the adsorption capacity for different components could be balanced， significantly prolonging the breakthrough time of mixed VOCs and improving the utilization efficiency of the molecular sieves. This study holds theoretical significance and practical value for promoting the engineering application of molecular sieve technology in the treatment of waste gas from ship loading operations and port collection， distribution， and transportation processes， enhancing the treatment efficiency of multi-component VOCs， and reducing emissions of waste gas generated during the transfer of liquid bulk cargo at ports.
- waste gas from ship loading operations /
- molecular sieves /
- multi-component VOCs /
- competitive adsorption /
- moisture content

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参考文献(16)

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