生物炭-黄铁矿复合生物滞留设施对腐殖酸型溶解有机氮去除效能及机理研究

蹇龙雨; 王欣玥; 刘俊汐; 陈磊; 马海元; 柴宏祥

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202609002

生物炭-黄铁矿复合生物滞留设施对腐殖酸型溶解有机氮去除效能及机理研究

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202609002

重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆 400045

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“生物炭与硫铁矿基质生物滞留设施处理径流混养反硝化机理”（52200113）

详细信息

作者简介:
蹇龙雨(1999—),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为径流污染控制。jianly9596@163.com

通讯作者:
马海元(1989—),男,副教授,主要研究方向为水污染控制技术。mahy@cqu.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-10-15
- 网络出版日期: 2026-11-05

Removal efficiency and mechanism of humic-acid-type dissolved organic nitrogen by biochar-pyrite composite bioretention facilities

Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China

摘要

摘要: 针对传统生物滞留设施对腐殖酸型溶解有机氮去除效率低、机制不明的问题，研究构建了以生物炭和黄铁矿为填料的复合生物滞留系统，系统评估其在降雨-干旱交替条件下对腐殖酸型溶解有机氮的去除效能及作用机理。结果表明：含黄铁矿与/或生物炭的系统显著提高了UV₂₅₄和COD去除率，分别可达55%~66%和32%~50%，TN和NO₃^--N去除率分别可达43%~57%和43%~60%，其中，生物炭-黄铁矿协同组表现最优。运行过程中，出水DO与ORP显著下降，系统呈还原性环境，有利于反硝化及有机氮矿化。干旱期孔隙水UV₂₅₄先降后稳、COD先降后回升，说明腐殖酸经生物炭吸附后被缓慢裂解并转化为可利用小分子。高通量测序结果显示，系统富集了与复杂有机物降解及硫/铁循环相关的优势菌群，如Thiobacillus、Pseudomonas等。综合物化与微生物分析结果，提出了“生物炭吸附与缓释-微生物降解-黄铁矿驱动硫自养反硝化”的协同去除路径。研究表明，生物炭-黄铁矿复合填料可显著增强腐殖酸型溶解有机氮的转化与去除能力，并在干湿交替条件下保持良好稳定性，为强化型雨水生物滞留系统的填料优化设计提供了参考。
- 生物滞留设施 /
- 生物炭 /
- 黄铁矿 /
- 腐殖酸 /
- 溶解有机氮
Abstract: Conventional bioretention systems often exhibit poor removal efficiency for humic-acid-type dissolved organic nitrogen （DON）， and the underlying transformation mechanisms remain unclear. In this study， biochar-pyrite composite bioretention systems were constructed to evaluate their performance and mechanisms in removing humic-acid-type DON under alternating rainfall-dry conditions. The results showed that systems amended with pyrite and/or biochar significantly enhanced UV₂₅₄ and COD removal， achieving 55% to 66% and 32% to 50%， respectively. Total nitrogen （TN） and nitrate nitrogen （NO₃^--N） removal ranged from 43% to 57% and from 43% to 60%， respectively， with the biochar-pyrite system performing best. Dissolved oxygen （DO） and oxidation-reduction potential （ORP） in the effluent decreased markedly， indicating a shift to a reducing environment favorable for denitrification and organic nitrogen mineralization. During dry periods， pore-water UV₂₅₄ decreased and then stabilized， while COD initially declined and later rebounded， suggesting slow microbial decomposition of adsorbed humic substances into smaller bioavailable molecules. High-throughput sequencing revealed enrichment of taxa related to complex organic degradation and sulfur/iron cycling， such as Thiobacillus and Pseudomonas. Integrating physicochemical and microbial evidence， a synergistic removal pathway of biochar adsorption and slow release-microbial degradation-pyrite-driven sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification was proposed. The biochar-pyrite composite demonstrated stable and efficient removal of humic-acid-type DON under wet-dry cycles， providing guidance for optimizing stormwater bioretention systems.
- bioretention facility /
- biochar /
- pyrite /
- humic acid /
- dissolved organic nitrogen （DON）

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