铁自养反硝化滤池强化高速公路服务区污水生物处理尾水的应用研究

牟宏霖; 刘绪振; 熊新竹; 高升; 丁少玮; 崔有为

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202609004

铁自养反硝化滤池强化高速公路服务区污水生物处理尾水的应用研究

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202609004

1. 南平武沙高速公路有限责任公司, 福建南平 353000;
2. 福建省高速公路科技创新研究院有限公司, 福州 350000;
3. 交通运输部科学研究院, 北京 100088;
4. 北京工业大学城镇污水深度处理与资源化利用技术国家工程实验室, 北京 100124

基金项目:

福建省交通运输科技示范工程项目（202101）

详细信息

作者简介:
牟宏霖(1986—),男,高级工程师,主要研究方向为交通安全与交通数字化。muhl@mail.ustc.edu.cn

通讯作者:
熊新竹,女,工程师,主要研究方向为交通水污染防治技术。xiongxz@motcats.ac.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-09-13
- 网络出版日期: 2026-11-05

Application of iron autotrophic denitrification filter for advanced treatment of biologically treated effluent from expressway service areas

1. Nanping Wusha Expressway Co., Ltd., Nanping 353000, China;
2. Fujian Provincial Expressway Science and Technology Innovation Research Institute Co., Ltd., Fuzhou 350000, China;
3. China Academy of Transportation Sciences, Beijing 100088, China;
4. National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China

摘要

摘要: 目前，高速公路服务区废水普遍采用生物脱氮除磷工艺，但处理低C/N水质时出水水质较差。采用铁自养反硝化滤池强化处理高速公路服务区污水生物处理尾水，可实现深度脱氮除磷。研究构建了3种填料的铁自养反硝化生物滤池，评估其对高速公路服务区生物处理尾水强化的适用性和有效性，研究关键运行参数对生物滤池处理性能的影响，解析微生物群落结构变化及脱氮除磷机制。研究结果表明：填充菱铁矿、磁铁矿和石灰石反应器的反硝化速率高于单一菱铁矿或磁铁矿系统，进水NO₃^--N浓度为（10.95±1.2） mg/L时，随着水力停留时间从6 h缩短至2 h，NO₃^--N去除率由（82.9±2.3）%降低至（76.7±1.4）%，出水浓度仍能达到（1.48±0.2） mg/L。NO₃^--N去除过程的半阶动力学模型常数K_{1/2v， R}随之增加，缩短HRT不利于铁自养生物实现完全反硝化。PO₄^3--P一方面与Fe³⁺生成FePO₄沉淀，另一方面可能被Fe²⁺衍生的FeOOH吸附。微生物测序结果显示，磁铁矿的投加能够实现高丰度Thiobacillus、Ferritrophicum的富集。Ferritrophicum作为一种嗜中性微氧亚铁氧化菌属，可以利用Fe²⁺为电子供体完成反硝化过程。混合型铁自养填料可以强化脱氮除磷效能，为高速公路服务区污水低碳处理提供参考依据和理论价值。
- 菱铁矿 /
- 磁铁矿 /
- 自养反硝化 /
- 污水处理 /
- 脱氮除磷 /
- 高速服务区污水
Abstract: At present， biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal processes are generally adopted for wastewater treatment in expressway service areas. However， due to the large variation in water quality and low C/N ratio， the effluent quality is often poor. In this study， an iron autotrophic denitrification filter was employed to enhance the treatment of biologically treated effluent from expressway service areas， achieving deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal. Three types of iron autotrophic denitrifying biological filters with different fillers were constructed to evaluate their applicability and effectiveness in enhancing the treatment of biologically treated effluent from expressway service areas. The influence of key operating parameters on the treatment performance of the biological filters was studied， and the changes in microbial community structure and the mechanisms of nitrogen and phosphorus removal were analyzed. The results showed that the denitrification rate of the reactor filled with siderite， magnetite， and limestone was higher than that of the single siderite or magnetite system. When the influent NO₃^--N concentration was （10.95±1.2） mg/L and the hydraulic retention time was shortened from 6 h to 2 h， the NO₃^--N removal rate decreased from （82.9±2.3）% to （76.7±1.4）%. The effluent concentration could still reach （1.48±0.2） mg/L， meeting the discharge requirements. With the shortening of HRT， the half-order kinetic model constant K_{1/2v， R} for the NO₃^--N removal process increased， which was not conducive to complete denitrification by iron autotrophs. PO₄^3--P， on the one hand， formed FePO₄ precipitate with Fe³⁺， and on the other hand， it might be adsorbed by FeOOH derived from Fe²⁺. The results of microbial sequencing showed that the addition of magnetite could achieve the enrichment of high-abundance Thiobacillus and Ferritrophicum. Ferritrophicum， as a genus of neutral microaerophilic ferrous-oxidizing bacteria， could utilize Fe²⁺ as an electron donor to complete the denitrification process. The mixed iron autotrophic filler could enhance the efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus removal， providing a reference basis and theoretical value for the low-carbon wastewater treatment in expressway service areas.
- siderite /
- magnetite /
- autotrophic denitrification /
- wastewater treatment /
- nitrogen and phosphorus removal /
- wastewater from expressway service areas

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