兰州市主城区典型季节VOCs污染特征及来源变化解析

缴文督; 仝纪龙; 王书苏; 康政博

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202609015

兰州市主城区典型季节VOCs污染特征及来源变化解析

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202609015

兰州大学大气科学学院, 兰州 730000

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目“基于地基和星载激光雷达的丝绸之路气溶胶-云相互作用观测研究”（42375136）

详细信息

作者简介:
缴文督(2004—),男,本科生,主要研究方向为大气科学。320220902831@lzu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
仝纪龙(1977—),男,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为大气环境影响评价、大气探测。22399@lzu.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-07-26
- 网络出版日期: 2026-11-05

Analysis of pollution characteristics and emission source variations of VOCs in Lanzhou's main urban area during typical seasons

College of Atmospheric Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究兰州市主城区挥发性有机物（VOCs）污染特征及来源变化，选取兰州大学大气组分超级监测站2021—2022年以及2023年第一季度VOCs逐时浓度数据进行分析，并利用正矩阵因子分解（PMF）模型进行源解析。污染特征结果表明：兰州市主城区VOCs年均浓度在2021，2022年分别为121.51，104.43 μg/m³；含氧化合物、烷烃和卤代烃为VOCs的主要成分，总贡献率达到80%以上；VOCs污染浓度呈现春夏低、秋冬高的特点，且大部分VOCs物种冬季浓度占比最高。源解析结果表明：兰州市主城区VOCs来源为燃料燃烧源、工业溶剂源、交通排放源、工业生产源、石油化工加工源和油气挥发源，其中，燃料燃烧源、工业溶剂源和交通排放源为VOCs的3类主要来源。典型季节源解析结果表明，工业溶剂源为夏季VOCs的主要来源，2022年夏季工业溶剂源贡献占比相比2021年夏季下降。燃料燃烧源为供暖季VOCs的主要来源，2022—2023年供暖季燃料燃烧源贡献占比相比2021—2022年供暖季有大幅提升。研究结果可为相关部门制定VOCs防控政策提供依据。
- VOCs /
- 污染特征 /
- PMF模型 /
- 源解析技术
Abstract: To investigate the pollution characteristics and source variations of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） in Lanzhou's main urban area， hourly VOCs concentration data for 2021， 2022， and the first quarter of 2023 from the Atmospheric Composition Superstation at Lanzhou University were analyzed， and source apportionment was conducted using the positive matrix factorization （PMF） model. The analysis of pollution characteristics revealed that the annual average VOCs concentrations in Lanzhou's main urban area were 121.51 μg/m³ in 2021 and 104.43 μg/m³ in 2022. Oxygenated compounds， alkanes， and halogenated hydrocarbons were the dominant components of VOCs， collectively accounting for over 80% of the total VOCs composition. VOCs pollution exhibited seasonal variation， with lower concentrations in spring and summer and higher concentrations in autumn and winter. Most VOCs reached their peak concentrations in winter. The source apportionment results indicated that VOCs emissions in Lanzhou's main urban area were derived from six major sources： fuel combustion， industrial solvent use， transportation emissions， industrial production， petrochemical processing， and oil volatilization. The three major emission sources of VOCs were fuel combustion， industrial solvent use， and transportation emissions. The source apportionment results for typical seasons showed that industrial solvent use was the dominant emission source in summer， though its contribution share in 2022 decreased compared to 2021. Fuel combustion was the dominant emission source during the heating season， and its contribution share during the heating seasons of 2022-2023 increased significantly compared to the heating seasons of 2021-2022. These findings provide a basis for relevant authorities to formulate VOCs control policies.
- VOCs /
- pollution characteristics /
- PMF model /
- source apportionment technique

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