微生物对稀土元素吸附（富集）分离技术的研究进展

相慧琳; 章朦玥; 赵研; 张怡轩; 白一凡; 高文元; 黄菲; 周建

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202609018

微生物对稀土元素吸附（富集）分离技术的研究进展

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202609018

1. 东北大学资源与土木工程学院, 沈阳 110000;
2. 沈阳药科大学生命科学与生物制药学院, 沈阳 110016;
3. 中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所自然资源部地球化学探测重点实验室, 河北廊坊 065000

基金项目:

深地国家科技重大专项（2025ZD1008000，2025.08-2029.07）；自然资源部地球化学探测重点实验室开放基金（AS2022P03-6，2024.12-2025.12）；自然资源部地球化学探测重点实验室开放课题（AS2022P03）；地球深部探测与矿产资源勘查国家科技重大专项（2025ZD1008000）

详细信息

作者简介:
相慧琳(2002—),女,硕士,主要研究方向为环境吸附材料的开发。1964735996@qq.com

通讯作者:
章朦玥(1986—),女,博士,主要研究方向为微生物资源功能化。iamzmy@126.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-09-16
- 网络出版日期: 2026-11-05

Research progress on microbial adsorption （enrichment） and separation technology for rare earth elements

1. School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110000, China;
2. School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration, MNR, Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Langfang 065000, China

摘要

摘要: 稀土在尖端科技及军工等领域的迅速扩张与可开采资源的短缺，正不断拉大国际供应缺口。因传统稀土富集工艺（物/化法）常具一定污染性，微生物吸附法被视为实现稀土资源高效利用，并保障其可持续发展的重要研究对象。功能菌株可通过表面吸附、生物矿化、胞内积累多级机制有效富集低浓度溶液中的稀土元素。目前该技术虽仍面临实际应用中环境耐受性不足与成本控制等挑战，但菌株改性、复合材料研发、多工艺联用等相关研究成果的涌入正持续推进其规模化应用进程。未来，继续发掘功能菌株，明晰其吸附作用机制；定向优化菌株功能性；深入探索多工艺耦合技术等有望实现微生物吸附稀土元素（离子）技术的工业化应用。
- 稀土 /
- 微生物 /
- 吸附 /
- 机制 /
- 应用
Abstract: The rapid expansion of rare earth elements （REEs） in high-tech and military fields and the shortage of exploitable resources are constantly widening the international supply gap. Since traditional REE enrichment processes （physical/chemical methods） are often associated with environmental pollution， microbial adsorption has been regarded as an important research focus for achieving the efficient utilization of REE resources and ensuring their sustainable development. Functional strains can effectively enrich REEs from low-concentration solutions through multi-level mechanisms， such as surface adsorption， biomineralization， and intracellular accumulation. At present， although this technology still faces challenges in practical applications， including insufficient environmental tolerance and high costs， the increasing number of related studies， such as strain modification， composite material development， and multi-process integration， is continuously promoting its large-scale application. In the future， continued exploration of functional strains， elucidation of their adsorption mechanisms， directional optimization of strain functionality， and further investigation of multi-process coupling technology， etc.， are expected to enable the industrial application of microbial technology for REE （ions） adsorption.
- rare earth elements （REEs） /
- microorganisms /
- adsorption /
- mechanism /
- application

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