Investigating algal blooms and associated odors in Gonghu Bay, Taihu Lake during the summer of 2023

WANG Xiaoyu; ZHU Jie; YU Yanqing; XU Yifan; LI Yifei; XIE Chen; FAN Ziwu; LI Dandan

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202502012

Volume 43 Issue 2

Feb. 2025

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WANG Xiaoyu, ZHU Jie, YU Yanqing, XU Yifan, LI Yifei, XIE Chen, FAN Ziwu, LI Dandan. Investigating algal blooms and associated odors in Gonghu Bay, Taihu Lake during the summer of 2023[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2025, 43(2): 114-125. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202502012

Citation:

WANG Xiaoyu, ZHU Jie, YU Yanqing, XU Yifan, LI Yifei, XIE Chen, FAN Ziwu, LI Dandan. Investigating algal blooms and associated odors in Gonghu Bay, Taihu Lake during the summer of 2023[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2025, 43(2): 114-125. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202502012

Citation:

WANG Xiaoyu, ZHU Jie, YU Yanqing, XU Yifan, LI Yifei, XIE Chen, FAN Ziwu, LI Dandan. Investigating algal blooms and associated odors in Gonghu Bay, Taihu Lake during the summer of 2023[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2025, 43(2): 114-125. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202502012

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Investigating algal blooms and associated odors in Gonghu Bay, Taihu Lake during the summer of 2023

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202502012

WANG Xiaoyu^1,3,
ZHU Jie²,
YU Yanqing⁴,
XU Yifan⁴,
LI Yifei²,
XIE Chen^1,3,
FAN Ziwu^{1,3
,},
LI Dandan^{1,3
,}

1. Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China;
2. College of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Taihu Basin Water Resources Management, Ministry of Water Resources, Wuxi 214131, China;
4. Wuxi Delinhai Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Wuxi 214000, China

Received Date: 2024-07-07
Accepted Date: 2024-09-25
Rev Recd Date: 2024-09-04

Abstract

Abstract

Taihu Lake’s blue-green algae blooms have been a persistent environmental issue, with the associated odors becoming increasingly concerning, due to their impact on water quality and ecological health. The blooms are influenced by a complex interplay of factors including nutrient input, water temperature, and alterations in the food chain, which underscores the complexity of managing these ecosystems. Furthermore, the odors produced during algae metabolism not only affect the aesthetic quality of the water but also pose potential health risks, highlighting the urgency of addressing the algal blooms and their metabolic byproducts. The ecological risk management of Taihu Lake requires a comprehensive approach that considers the biological and chemical aspects of the blooms, as well as the potential impacts on human health and the environment. The Gonghu Bay, a hotspot for algal blooms in the past, was selected as the study area for investigating changes in algae and algogenic odors in Taihu Lake during the summer of 2023. The collected water samples provide crucial data on the current state of algal populations and the associated odors, helping to understand the ecological health of the lake. In-situ and laboratory works were conducted to analyze the water samples, including evaluating the water quality index (WQI) and trophic level index (TLI), monitoring the algal density and community composition, and determining the concentrations of six odors. The WQI and TLI are critical tools for assessing the overall health and trophic state of the water body, providing a comprehensive understanding of water quality parameters and nutrient levels that can influence algal growth. The target odors were dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB), citral (CIT), 2,4,6-trichlorotoluene (TCA), geosmin (GSM), and β-ionone (BI). The results showed that the water quality in Gonghu Bay during the summer of 2023 was relatively better in June and July, but became deteriorated in August. The values of WQI and TLI in August were 70.1±5.0 and 58.1±4.1, respectively, which could be attributed to the higher concentrations of TN and NH4+-N. The average algal density (1.27×10⁷ cells/L) was significantly lower than those in previous years. Cyanophyta was still the primary algae at the phylum level, but the proportion of filamentous cyanobacteria increased significantly and the genus Pseudanabaena was the dominant one. A total of four odors (2-MIB, CIT, TCA, and BI) were detected in the surface water of Gonghu Bay and their concentrations were low in June and July. However, the total concentrations of these odors in August could be up to (556.3±64.6) ng/L, implying that odors in Taihu Lake still require attention. Based on the correlation analysis, the genera Pseudanabaena and Aphanocapsa were identified as the potential sources of TCA, in which the genus Aphanocapsa was also thought of as one of the sources of BI. These odor-producing algal genera were significantly positively correlated with TN in water. The risk quotients (RQ) of odors were below 0.1 in June and July, indicating low ecological risk, but the ecological risk was moderate (RQ=0.86) in August, likely due to the high concentration of TCA. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out effective monitoring and preventive measures for the TCA and its related algae in Taihu Lake.
- Taihu Lake,
- Bonghu Bay,
- water quality assessment,
- blue-green algae,
- odors

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