Meta-analysis of organic-contaminated soil remediation using iron-carbon activated persulfate

MIAO Siyu; YANG Xinyao; ZHANG Weiwei; Hu Enzhu; SUN Zicheng; XU Jiayao

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202507025

Volume 43 Issue 7

Jul. 2025

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Article Navigation > ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING > 2025 > 43(7): 232-241

MIAO Siyu, YANG Xinyao, ZHANG Weiwei, Hu Enzhu, SUN Zicheng, XU Jiayao. Meta-analysis of organic-contaminated soil remediation using iron-carbon activated persulfate[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2025, 43(7): 232-241. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202507025

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MIAO Siyu, YANG Xinyao, ZHANG Weiwei, Hu Enzhu, SUN Zicheng, XU Jiayao. Meta-analysis of organic-contaminated soil remediation using iron-carbon activated persulfate[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2025, 43(7): 232-241. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202507025

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Meta-analysis of organic-contaminated soil remediation using iron-carbon activated persulfate

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202507025

1. Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration of Regional Contaminated Environment, College of Environment, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China;
2. School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China

Received Date: 2025-01-21
Accepted Date: 2025-05-07
Rev Recd Date: 2025-04-09

Available Online: 2025-09-11

Abstract

Abstract

To investigate the degradation efficiency of chemically activated persulfate（PS） on various organic pollutants in soil， a Meta-analysis was conducted based on the data extracted from 46 global studies. The mechanisms of different activators were systematically compared， and their efficiency differences were evaluated. The effects of PS concentration and water-to-soil ratio on the activation performance were analyzed. The results showed that the application of various materials significantly increased the degradation efficiency of the PS system by an average of 1.80 times. The activation efficiency ranked as follows： iron-carbon composites > carbon materials， nano zero-valent iron， and iron-matrix composites > ferrous ions and iron minerals. Notably， when the iron-carbon composites activated PS， the degradation rate of pollutants was 2.51 times higher than that of PS alone. The degradation effects varied across different types of pollutants， especially for semi-volatile organic compounds and total petroleum hydrocarbons， which increased by an average of 2.13 and 2.79 times， respectively. The regression results showed that the activation efficiency was significantly positively correlated with the n-octanol-water partition coefficient （logK_ow） of the pollutants （P < 0.01）. The removal effect of organic pollutants with logK_ow value > 3.5 was the most significant， showing an average increase of 4.34 times. Regarding process parameters， optimal chemical activation occurred at PS concentrations below 250 mmol/L and water-to-soil ratios between 7.5 L/kg and 20 L/kg， whereas higher PS concentrations or lower water-to-soil ratios were less favorable for pollutant removal. Chemically activated PS exhibited a significant degradation effect on various soil-derived pollutants， with slightly better performance observed in artificially configured contaminated soils compared to in-situ contaminated soils. The research results provide a reference for understanding the restoration mechanism and optimizing the process conditions of chemically activated PS， thereby offering a scientific foundation and technical guidance for soil remediation efforts in actual sites.
- persulfate,
- chemical activation,
- organic-contaminated soil,
- Meta-analysis,
- iron-carbon composite material

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References

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