Source， distribution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of phenolic compounds in surface water of middle reach of the Yellow River Basin

XIE Yongchang; LIU Quanzhen; XU Xiong; LIN Lihua; DU Chuan; WANG Donghong; LIN Mingli

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202512002

Volume 43 Issue 12

Dec. 2025

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XIE Yongchang, LIU Quanzhen, XU Xiong, LIN Lihua, DU Chuan, WANG Donghong, LIN Mingli. Source， distribution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of phenolic compounds in surface water of middle reach of the Yellow River Basin[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2025, 43(12): 13-20. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202512002

Citation:

XIE Yongchang, LIU Quanzhen, XU Xiong, LIN Lihua, DU Chuan, WANG Donghong, LIN Mingli. Source， distribution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of phenolic compounds in surface water of middle reach of the Yellow River Basin[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2025, 43(12): 13-20. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202512002

Citation:

XIE Yongchang, LIU Quanzhen, XU Xiong, LIN Lihua, DU Chuan, WANG Donghong, LIN Mingli. Source， distribution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of phenolic compounds in surface water of middle reach of the Yellow River Basin[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2025, 43(12): 13-20. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202512002

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Source， distribution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of phenolic compounds in surface water of middle reach of the Yellow River Basin

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202512002

1. National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3. China Academy of Urban Planning and Design, Beijing 100875, China

Received Date: 2025-01-15
Accepted Date: 2025-03-02
Rev Recd Date: 2025-02-20

Available Online: 2026-01-09

Abstract

Abstract

This study presented an analysis of the emission characteristics of 13 phenolic compounds within coal chemical industry parks situated in the middle reach of the Yellow River Basin. The contribution and impact of industrial wastewater on the prevalence of phenolic pollutants in the mainstream of the Yellow River were investigated. A total of 6 and 7 phenolic pollutants were identified in 5 industrial wastewater discharge outlets and 18 river cross-section sampling sites （including the tributary sampling sites such as the Fen River）， with the total concentration range from 115.66 to 38462.44 ng/L， and 44.13 to 2568.32 ng/L， respectively. Phenol， o-cresol， and p-cresol were the most dominant pollutants at these sampling sites. The total concentration of phenols discharged at the industrial wastewater discharge outlets was generally higher than that at the upstream and downstream sections. Sampling sites within the same industrial area exhibited similar types and concentration proportions of pollutants， suggesting that emissions from industrial areas were one of the main sources of phenolic pollution in the surface water of the Yellow River Basin. The ecological risk quotient method was employed to assess the risk of these phenolic pollutions， and the results indicated that phenol， p-cresol， 2-chlorophenol， and 2-nitrophenol posed potential ecological risks in the majority of sampling sites， while ecological risks were prevalent in the sampling points of the middle and lower reaches of the Fen River. Therefore， these phenolic pollutants and the middle and lower reaches of the Fen River basin require focused attention. This study can provide theoretical support and a scientific basis for phenol pollution control in the middle reach of the Yellow River Basin.
- phenolic compound,
- the Yellow River Basin,
- surface water,
- ecological risk,
- source,
- coal chemical industry

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References(25)

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