Characteristics and transport pathways of PM<sub>2.5</sub>-O<sub>3</sub> compound pollution in Fenwei Plain

SONG Xiaowei; KONG Yuan; HAO Yongpei; ZHU Xiaodong; ZHANG Xiaolong; HAN Yuemei; GAO Ningxin

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202512015

Volume 43 Issue 12

Dec. 2025

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Article Navigation > ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING > 2025 > 43(12): 129-140

SONG Xiaowei, KONG Yuan, HAO Yongpei, ZHU Xiaodong, ZHANG Xiaolong, HAN Yuemei, GAO Ningxin. Characteristics and transport pathways of PM2.5-O3 compound pollution in Fenwei Plain[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2025, 43(12): 129-140. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202512015

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SONG Xiaowei, KONG Yuan, HAO Yongpei, ZHU Xiaodong, ZHANG Xiaolong, HAN Yuemei, GAO Ningxin. Characteristics and transport pathways of PM_2.5-O₃ compound pollution in Fenwei Plain[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2025, 43(12): 129-140. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202512015

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Characteristics and transport pathways of PM_2.5-O₃ compound pollution in Fenwei Plain

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202512015

1. College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi University of Finance & Economics, Taiyuan 030006, China;
2. School of the Environment, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China

Received Date: 2024-04-17
Accepted Date: 2024-05-25
Rev Recd Date: 2024-05-11

Available Online: 2026-01-09

Abstract

Abstract

To address the frequent occurrence of PM_2.5 and O₃ compound pollution， this study explored the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of PM_2.5 and O₃ compound pollution and its correlation with the meteorological factors in Fenwei Plain， which is one of the key areas for prevention and control over air pollution in China. It was found that： 1） from 2014 to 2021， the average annual concentration of PM_2.5 in Fenwei Plain showed a downward trend， with PM_2.5 pollutants concentrated in Xi'an， Luoyang， and Linfen； O₃ pollution showed a trend of fluctuation and rise， with O₃ pollutants concentrated in the southeastern cities of the Plain， including Luoyang， Sanmenxia， Yuncheng， and Linfen. The daily variations of PM_2.5 concentration in the Plain showed a "U-shaped" pattern， while the daily means' change of O₃ concentration showed an "inverted U-shaped" characteristic， with the concentration reaching the highest value at 16：00. 2） during the study period， both PM_2.5-O₃ compound-polluted and single PM_2.5 polluted days showed a decreasing trend， with the co-polluted days concentrated in April to October of a year； the spatial distribution of the co-polluted days showed a decreasing trend from the southeast corner to both sides of the Plain， and PM_2.5 and O₃ pollution in the Plain showcased a positive correlation coefficient in summer and a negative one in winter. 3） PM_2.5-O₃ compound pollution occurred easily in the following conditions： the air temperature of 13.0 to 29.7 ℃， the relative humidity of 35% to 75%， eastern wind， and the wind speed of 1.5 to 3.1 m/s. 4） backward trajectory cluster analysis demonstrated that the compound pollution in the southwest cities of Fenwei Plain was significantly affected by the short-path air flows coming from the southeast； the compound pollution in the central cities mainly came from some regions of Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia； and the compound pollution in the southeastern and northern cities mainly came from the northwestern and northeastern long-distance transports of pollutants.
- PM_2.5,
- O₃,
- compound pollution,
- meteorological factors,
- trajectory cluster analysis,
- Fenwei Plain

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