Perchlorate removal from water by pyrite-autotrophic and acetate-heterotrophic reduction process

LI Qingqing; WANG Yibing; MAO Yangli; WAN Dongjin; HE Qiaochong

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202601008

Volume 44 Issue 1

Jan. 2026

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LI Qingqing, WANG Yibing, MAO Yangli, WAN Dongjin, HE Qiaochong. Perchlorate removal from water by pyrite-autotrophic and acetate-heterotrophic reduction process[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2026, 44(1): 70-78. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202601008

Citation:

LI Qingqing, WANG Yibing, MAO Yangli, WAN Dongjin, HE Qiaochong. Perchlorate removal from water by pyrite-autotrophic and acetate-heterotrophic reduction process[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2026, 44(1): 70-78. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202601008

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Perchlorate removal from water by pyrite-autotrophic and acetate-heterotrophic reduction process

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202601008

1. College of Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
2. Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Water Safety and Water Ecology Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China

Received Date: 2025-01-05
Available Online: 2026-02-26
Publish Date: 2026-01-22

Abstract

Abstract

In this paper， a combination of pyrite autotrophic and sodium acetate-based heterotrophic reduction process was used for removing perchlorate from water， and the removal performance was investigated in a pyrite-packed reactor. Results showed that perchlorate ［Cl（Ⅶ）］ was effectively reduced into chloride ions （Cl^-） using pyrite and acetate as electron donors. In the early stage of reactor operation （from day 0 to day 15）， the perchlorate removal efficiency was over 85%； as the temperature decreased， the removal efficiency decreased and ultimately stabilized at 60% above. As the temperature increased and the hydraulic retention time increased， the removal performance improved， and the final removal efficiency of perchlorate stabilized at over 95%. Pyrite-based autotrophic reduction was dominant （from 0 to day 35） first， while acetate-based heterotrophic reduction was dominant in the later stage for perchlorate removal. Kinetic analysis indicated that the degradation process of perchlorate followed a zero-order kinetic model， and the perchlorate removal rate was 0.48 mg/（L·h） to 0.70 mg/（L·h）. The characterization of pyrite by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） technology showed that S^2-and Fe（Ⅱ） in the pyrite were oxidized into SO₄^2- and Fe（Ⅲ）， respectively. The dominant bacterial genera for the removal of perchlorate in the reactor were Romboutsia， Ferruginibacter， and Dokdonellai. This study provides a potential approach for the remediation of perchlorate-contaminated wastewater.
- biological reduction,
- pyrite,
- sodium acetate,
- perchlorate,
- dominant genus

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References(34)

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