Source Jouranl of CSCD
Source Journal of Chinese Scientific and Technical Papers
Included as T2 Level in the High-Quality Science and Technology Journals in the Field of Environmental Science
Core Journal of RCCSE
Included in the CAS Content Collection
Included in the JST China
Indexed in World Journal Clout Index (WJCI) Report
Volume 44 Issue 5
May  2026
Turn off MathJax
Article Contents
DOU Wenping, HU Zhiyi, LIU Hongrui, ZHOU Lei, WANG Jieliang, YIN Xin'an, GAO Ting, QIU Xintian, LIU Yutong. Analysis and research prospects of military ecological and environmental problems[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2026, 44(5): 61-70. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202605006
Citation: DOU Wenping, HU Zhiyi, LIU Hongrui, ZHOU Lei, WANG Jieliang, YIN Xin'an, GAO Ting, QIU Xintian, LIU Yutong. Analysis and research prospects of military ecological and environmental problems[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2026, 44(5): 61-70. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202605006

Analysis and research prospects of military ecological and environmental problems

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202605006
  • Received Date: 2026-01-19
    Available Online: 2026-06-06
  • Military ecological and environmental protection constitutes an important component of national ecological and environmental protection. Military activities and operations, such as training and drills, weapons and equipment testing, and combat, are prone to triggering a series of ecological and environmental problems, including greenhouse gas emissions, deterioration of water resources and water quality, vegetation destruction, land degradation, and typical physical and chemical pollution, which have attracted extensive global attention. This study systematically analyzed the eco-environmental impacts of military activities on multiple environmental media (atmosphere, water, and soil) across different periods, and conducted pollution source tracing in multi-media and representative regions. It reviewed the current status of ecological and environmental protection technologies for the three major environmental media, i.e., atmosphere, water, and soil, and summarized the characteristics and constraints of military ecological and environmental research. Finally, it proposed the research trends and key development directions for military ecological and environmental protection from four dimensions: data monitoring and sharing, research and development of in-situ remediation technologies for military-civilian integrated combined pollution, green construction practices for military facilities, and optimization of management systems.
  • loading
  • [1]
    CELIN S M,SAHAI S,KALSI A,et al. Environmental monitoring approaches used during bioremediation of soils contaminated with hazardous explosive chemicals[J]. Trends in Environmental Analytical Chemistry,2020,26:e00088.
    [2]
    MENG H,ZHU Y B,WANG Q,et al. Investigation on soil explosive pollution and its occurrence status in an ammunition destruction site in Jilin[J]. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Analytical Chemistry,2022,12(3):31- 39. 孟欢,朱勇兵,王晴,等. 吉林某弹药销毁场土壤炸药污染调查及其赋存状态研究[J]. 中国无机分析化学,2022,12(3):31- 39.
    [3]
    RUYLE B J,THACKRAY C P,BUTT C M,et al. Centurial persistence of forever chemicals at military fire training sites[J]. Environmental Science & Technology,2023,57(21):8096- 8106.
    [4]
    LI Z W. Serious environmental pollution caused by US overseas military operations[N]. People's Daily,2023-09-26(017). 李志伟. 美国海外军事行动造成严重环境污染[N]. 人民日报,2023-09-26(017).
    [5]
    JOHNSEN I V,AANEBY J. Soil intake in ruminants grazing on heavy-metal contaminated shooting ranges[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2019,687:41- 49.
    [6]
    STELMAKH V,MELNIICHUK M,MELNYK O,et al. Hydro-ecological state of Ukrainian water bodies under the influence of military actions[J]. Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska,2023,25:174- 187.
    [7]
    RAWTANI D,GUPTA G,KHATRI N,et al. Environmental damages due to war in Ukraine:A perspective[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2022,850:157932.
    [8]
    YANG X,HUAN Z,ZHAO S,et al. Study on environmental pollution behavior/fate of ammunition soil and microbial remediation of TNT and its intermediates[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production,2023,432:139715.
    [9]
    ZENTELIS R,BANKS S,ROBERTS J D,et al. Managing military training-related environmental disturbance[J]. Journal of Environmental Management,2017,204:486- 493.
    [10]
    LIAN G B,LIAO H L,JIN H,et al. Hazards and protective measures of radon in underground engineering[J]. Chinese Journal of Radiological Health,2014,23(2):143- 147. 廉国斌,廖韩林,金华,等. 地下工程中氡气的危害与防护措施[J]. 中国辐射卫生,2014,23(2):143- 147.
    [11]
    ALVAREZ C H,SHTOB D A,THEIS N G. Analyzing the Military's Role in Producing Air Toxics Disparities in the United States:A Critical Environmental Justice Approach[J]. Social Problems,2022(1):1- 26.
    [12]
    SHTOB D,ALVAREZ C,THEIS N. A regional approach to militarized riskscapes:An environmental justice analysis of military proximity and air pollution in United States Environmental Protection Agency's regions[J]. Sociology Compass,2024:e13079.
    [13]
    TUROS O I,PETROSIAN A A,MAREMUKHA T P,et al. Assessment of ambient air pollution by particulate matter(PM10,PM2.5)and risk for human health caused by war actions[J]. Wiadomości Lekarskie Medical Advances,2023,76(4):738- 744.
    [14]
    CLARK B,JORGENSON A K,KENTOR J. Militarization and energy consumption[J]. International Journal of Sociology,2010,40(2):23- 43.
    [15]
    YAN D X,ZHANG L R. Military emissions in global climate governance agenda:From the perspective of obscured international agenda-setting[J]. Global Governance,2023(12):22- 50. 阎德学,张乐然. 全球气候治理议程中的军事排放问题:基于遮蔽型国际议程设置的视角[J]. 全球治理,2023(12):22- 50.
    [16]
    BUN R,MARLAND G,ODA T,et al. Tracking unaccounted greenhouse gas emissions due to the war in Ukraine since 2022[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2024,914:15.
    [17]
    ERDOGAN S,GEDIKLI A,ÇEVIK E İ,et al. Does military expenditure impact environmental sustainability in developed Mediterranean countries?[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2022,29:31612- 31630.
    [18]
    GĘBKA K,BEŁDOWSKI J,BEŁDOWSKA M. The impact of military activities on the concentration of mercury in soils of military training grounds and marine sediments[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2016,23:23103- 23113.
    [19]
    WANG Z Y,DEWITT J C,HIGGINS C P,et al. A never-ending story of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)?[J]. Environmental Science and Technology,2018,52(5):3325.
    [20]
    HU X C,ANDREWS D Q,LINDSTROM A B,et al. Detection of polyand perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)in US drinking water linked to industrial sites,military fire training areas,and wastewater treatment plants[J]. Environmental Science and Technology,2016,3:344- 350.
    [21]
    LAWRENCE M J,STEMBERGER H L J,ZOLDERDO A J,et al. The effects of modern war and military activities on biodiversity and the environment[J]. Environmental Reviews,2015,23(4):443- 460.
    [22]
    SKALNY A V,ASCHNER M,BOBROVNITSKY I P,et al. Environmental and health hazards of military metal pollution[J]. Environmental Research,2021,201:111568.
    [23]
    LIU Y T,FANG Z D,YANG Q,et al. Pollution status and evaluation of soil heavy metals in a military region[J]. Journal of Logistical Engineering University,2010,26(1):62- 65. 刘玉通,方振东,杨琴,等. 某军事区域土壤重金属污染状况及其评价[J]. 后勤工程学院学报,2010,26(1):62- 65.
    [24]
    ZHU Y B,ZHAO S P,LI R X,et al. Heavy metal pollution and its bioavailability in shooting range soil[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2011,31(3):594- 602. 朱勇兵,赵三平,李瑞雪,等. 射击场土壤重金属污染及其生物有效性[J]. 环境科学学报,2011,31(3):594- 602.
    [25]
    SAVABIEASFAHANI M,AHAMADNI F B,DAMGHANI A M. Living near an active US military base in Iraq is associated with significantly higher hair thorium and increased likelihood of congenital anomalies in infants and children[J]. Environmental Pollution,2020,256:113070.
    [26]
    WANG L,LI H W,LI A Z,et al. Pollution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of soil heavy metals in artillery ranges of military training grounds:A case study of a training ground in Xizang[J]. Environmental Chemistry,2022,41(8):2646- 2654. 王亮,李宏伟,李昂泽,等. 军事训练场炮弹靶场土壤重金属污染特征及生态风险评价:以西藏某训练场为例[J]. 环境化学,2022,41(8):2646- 2654.
    [27]
    SYTAR O,TARAN N. Effect of heavy metals on soil and crop pollution in Ukraine:a review[J]. Journal of Central European Agriculture,2022,23(4):881- 887.
    [28]
    ZHANG H J,ZHU Y B,ZHAO S P,et al. Research progress on environmental behavior and fate of explosives at multiphase interfaces[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials,2019,27(7):569- 586. 张慧君,朱勇兵,赵三平,等. 炸药的多相界面环境行为与归趋研究进展[J]. 含能材料,2019,27(7):569- 586.
    [29]
    CERTINI G,SCALENGHE R,WOODS W I. The impact of warfare on the soil environment[J]. Earth-Science Reviews,2013,127:1- 15.
    [30]
    HUSSAIN T,GONDAL M A. Monitoring and assessment of toxic metals in Gulf War oil spill contaminated soil using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,2008,136(1):391- 399.
    [31]
    SHARI N A S,RAZAB M K A,NOOR A M,et al. Internal bonding microstructures characterisation between plant nanocellulose and concrete mortar mixtures for indoor Radon-222 gas emanation reduction[J]. Construction and Building Materials,2022,350:128841.
    [32]
    BALTROCCHI A P D,MAGGI L,LAGO B DAL,et al. Mechanisms of diffusion of radon in buildings and mitigation techniques[J]. Sustainability,2023,16(1):324.
    [33]
    XIONG H S. Preparation and properties of radon-proof polyurethane coatings[D]. Mianyang:Southwest University of Science and Technology,2024. 熊恒森. 聚氨酯屏氡涂层的制备及其性能研究[D]. 绵阳:西南科技大学,2024.
    [34]
    SAHU P I,BEG A,PANIGRAHI D C. An investigation of 222Rn exhalation rates from backfill mill tailings influenced by the different parameters in underground uranium mines[J]. Radiation Physics and Chemistry,2023,203,110648.
    [35]
    YU T,YE Y,XIA M,et al. Optimization of the operating parameters for radon reduction on brattice induced cavern ventilation using CFD[J]. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity,2023,265:107223.
    [36]
    WEN W W,XU R Z,WU Y P,et al. Study on radon protection method and capacity in underground engineering[J]. Radiation Protection,2022,42(1):48- 53.
    [37]
    BILDIRICI M E. The effects of militarization on biofuel consumption and CO2 emission[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production,2017,152:420- 428.
    [38]
    LEILA M,WHALEN J,BERGTHORSON J. Strategic spatial and temporal design of renewable diesel and biojet fuel supply chains:Case study of California,USA[J]. Energy,2018,156:181- 195.
    [39]
    PATA U K,DESTEK M A,MANGA M,et al. Militarization of NATO countries sparks climate change? Investigating the moderating role of technological progress and financial development[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production,2023,409:137241.
    [40]
    SPARREVIK M,UTSTØL S. Assessing life cycle greenhouse gas emissions in the Norwegian defence sector for climate change mitigation[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production,2020,248:119196.
    [41]
    CHAERUN S K,TAZAKI K,ASADA R,et al. Bioremediation of coastal areas 5 years after the Nakhodka oil spill in the Sea of Japan:isolation and characterization of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria[J]. Environment International,2004,30(7):911- 922.
    [42]
    YE Z F,WANG Z Y,MOU J H,et al. Pilot-scale study on treatment of nitrotoluene-containing wastewater by combined process of micro-electrolysis and I-BAF[J]. Environmental Engineering,2008,26(4):73- 75. 叶正芳,王中友,牟敬海,等. 微电解与I-BAF组合工艺处理硝基甲苯废水中试[J]. 环境工程,2008,26(4):73- 75.
    [43]
    XU W J,ZHAO Q L,LUO M H,et al. Isolation,identification and degradation characteristics of a 2,4-dinitrotoluenesulfonate degrading strain[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,2021,57(4):733- 738. 徐文杰,赵泉林,罗明汉,等. 2,4-二硝基甲苯磺酸盐降解菌株的分离、鉴定及降解特性研究[J]. 北京大学学报(自然科学版),2021,57(4):733- 738.
    [44]
    LIU W,ZHANG Y B,JIA Y M. Research progress of phytoremediation and strengthening measures for heavy metals contaminated farmland[J]. Environmental Engineering,2019,37(5):29- 33. 刘伟,张永波,贾亚敏. 重金属污染农田植物修复及强化措施研究进展[J]. 环境工程,2019,37(5):29- 33.
    [45]
    LI Z S,HU Z W,MEI C,et al. Effects of combined application of rice straw biochar and Bacillus cereus on chemical forms of soil heavy metals and microbial community[J]. Environmental Engineering,2024,42(10):165- 176. 黎紫珊,胡志文,梅闯,等. 稻秆生物炭和蜡状芽孢杆菌联合作用对土壤重金属形态转化及微生物群落的影响[J]. 环境工程,2024,42(10):165- 176.
    [46]
    ZHANG H,ZHU Y,WANG S,et al. Contamination characteristics of energetic compounds in soils of two different types of military demolition range in China[J]. Environmental Pollution,2022,295:118654.
    [47]
    JI C,ZHU Y,ZHAO S,et al. Arsenic and heavy metals at Japanese abandoned chemical weapons site in China:distribution characterization,source identification and contamination risk assessment[J]. Environmental Geochemistry and Health,2023,45(6):3069- 3087.
    [48]
    WANG S Y,LI C,ZHAO H W,et al. Distribution characteristics and pollution assessment of soil heavy metals in a test field[J]. Environmental Science,2023,44(3):1657- 1667. 王诗雨,李淳,赵洪伟,等. 某试验场土壤重金属分布特征及其污染评价[J]. 环境科学,2023,44(3):1657- 1667.
    [49]
    YANG X,ZHANG Y,LAI J,et al. Analysis of the biodegradation and phytotoxicity mechanism of TNT,RDX,HMX in alfalfa(Medicago sativa)[J]. Chemosphere,2021,281:130842.
    [50]
    DONG B,HUAN Z,CAI L,et al. Biochar applications for efficient removal of energetic compound contaminants[J]. Chemosphere,2024:143135.
    [51]
    CABRERA M Á,MÁRQUEZ S L,QUEZADA C P,et al. Biotransformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene by Pseudomonas sp. TNT3 isolated from deception island,Antarctica[J]. Environmental Pollution,2020,262:113922.
    [52]
    LI J,YANG X,LAI J L,et al. Characteristics of RDX degradation and the mechanism of the RDX exposure response in a Klebsiella sp. strain[J]. Biochemical Engineering Journal,2021,176:108174.
    [53]
    YANG X. Reconstruction of a microbial TNT deep degradation system and its mechanism for reshaping microecology[D]. Beijing:Academy of Military Science,2025. 杨旭. TNT微生物深度降解体系重构及其对微生态的重塑机制[D]. 北京:军事科学院,2025.
    [54]
    JUGNIA L B,MANNO D,DROUIN K,et al. In situ pilot test for bioremediation of energetic compound-contaminated soil at a former military demolition range site[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2018,25(20):19436- 19445.
    [55]
    LORAH M M,HE K,BLANEY L,et al. Anaerobic biodegradation of perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS)and microbial community composition in soil amended with a dechlorinating culture and chlorinated solvents[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2024,932:172996.
  • 加载中

Catalog

    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

    1. 本站搜索
    2. 百度学术搜索
    3. 万方数据库搜索
    4. CNKI搜索

    Article Metrics

    Article views (47) PDF downloads(1) Cited by()
    Proportional views
    Related

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return
    Return