Pilot-scale study on enhanced in-situ anaerobic bioremediation of CAHs-contaminated groundwater

ZHUANG Jianhong; XING Yuquan; LIU Kun; CHEN Lüjun; CHEN Boyang

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202605014

Volume 44 Issue 5

May 2026

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Article Navigation > ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING > 2026 > 44(5): 142-150

ZHUANG Jianhong, XING Yuquan, LIU Kun, CHEN Lüjun, CHEN Boyang. Pilot-scale study on enhanced in-situ anaerobic bioremediation of CAHs-contaminated groundwater[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2026, 44(5): 142-150. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202605014

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ZHUANG Jianhong, XING Yuquan, LIU Kun, CHEN Lüjun, CHEN Boyang. Pilot-scale study on enhanced in-situ anaerobic bioremediation of CAHs-contaminated groundwater[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2026, 44(5): 142-150. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202605014

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Pilot-scale study on enhanced in-situ anaerobic bioremediation of CAHs-contaminated groundwater

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202605014

1. Beijing Bosentech Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100044, China;
2. Chongqing Academy of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China;
3. School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Received Date: 2024-07-01
Available Online: 2026-06-06

Abstract

Abstract

Chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons （CAHs） are one of the primary contaminants in groundwater at industrial sites in China. A pilot-scale study was conducted at a contaminated site in southwest China to verify the effectiveness of in-situ anaerobic bioremediation for CAHs-contaminated groundwater， using an anaerobic bioaugmentation culture named BS-1. The contaminated groundwater was located in a low-permeability bedrock fracture zone with a depth of up to 40 m. This study involved the injection of carbon sources， nutrients， and dechlorinating bacteria， and lasted for 399 days after the initial injection. First， sodium citrate and emulsified oil as carbon sources， mixed with some nutrients， were injected through injection wells and direct-push injection points to create a favourable geochemical environment for microbial growth. Then， the BS-1 culture， containing the dechlorinating bacteria Dehalococcoides， Desulfitobacterium， and Dehalogenimonas， was injected into the target treatment zone. Following each liquid injection， pressurized nitrogen gas was injected. The results showed that： 1） the injection of liquid amendments followed by gas injection effectively distributed the nutrients and bacteria in the low-permeability aquifer， and the radius of influence zone reached 5.0 m； 2） two types of carbon sources （slow-release and soluble） maintained the groundwater in an anaerobic state over the long term （ORP less than -100 mV） and provided sufficient electron donors for reductive dechlorination by dechlorinating bacteria； 3） emulsified vegetable oil was used as a slow-release carbon source for the growth of anaerobic dechlorinating bacteria and reduced the injection frequency of electron donors； 4） the target CAHs， including vinyl chloride， cis-1，2-dichloroethylene， trichloroethylene， and chloroform， were effectively dechlorinated to innocuous end products by the BS-1 culture， with removal efficiencies exceeding 95%. This study provides a green， economical， and effective solution for the remediation of CAHs-contaminated sites in China. The self-developed bioremediation material and technologies have huge application potential in remediation engineering.

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References(29)

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