Effects of lychee wood biochar and lignin-degrading bacteria on performance of aerobic composting coupled with vermicomposting for cow dung and rice husk

TAN Yonghao; LIU Jie; LUO Mengqin; SU Tianwei; GONG Xiaoqiang

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202607012

Volume 44 Issue 7

Jul. 2026

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TAN Yonghao, LIU Jie, LUO Mengqin, SU Tianwei, GONG Xiaoqiang. Effects of lychee wood biochar and lignin-degrading bacteria on performance of aerobic composting coupled with vermicomposting for cow dung and rice husk[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2026, 44(7): 106-117. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202607012

Citation:

TAN Yonghao, LIU Jie, LUO Mengqin, SU Tianwei, GONG Xiaoqiang. Effects of lychee wood biochar and lignin-degrading bacteria on performance of aerobic composting coupled with vermicomposting for cow dung and rice husk[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2026, 44(7): 106-117. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202607012

Citation:

TAN Yonghao, LIU Jie, LUO Mengqin, SU Tianwei, GONG Xiaoqiang. Effects of lychee wood biochar and lignin-degrading bacteria on performance of aerobic composting coupled with vermicomposting for cow dung and rice husk[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2026, 44(7): 106-117. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202607012

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Effects of lychee wood biochar and lignin-degrading bacteria on performance of aerobic composting coupled with vermicomposting for cow dung and rice husk

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202607012

1. Great Wall Cigar Factory, Sichuan Tobacco Industry Co., Ltd., Deyang 618400, China;
2. College of Life Science and Agri-Forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China

Received Date: 2025-07-06
Available Online: 2026-09-01

Abstract

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of lychee wood biochar and lignin-degrading bacteria on compost maturity， substance transformation， and bacterial communities during the coupled process of aerobic composting and vermicomposting of cow dung and rice husk， thereby helping process optimization. Four treatments were established： no addition （CK）， 5% （w/w） lychee wood biochar addition （T1）， 0.5% （w/w） lignin-degrading bacteria （Bacillus subtilis，Aspergillus） addition （T2）， and 5% （w/w） lychee wood biochar coupled with 0.5% （w/w） lignin-degrading bacteria （Bacillus subtilis， Aspergillus） addition （T3）. The results showed that， compared with CK， the compost piles supplemented with lychee wood biochar or/and inoculated with lignin-degrading bacteria （T1~T3） exhibited a more rapid temperature rise， a longer duration （13 days） of high temperatures， and higher maximum temperatures. Compared to CK， T1~T3 increased organic matter degradation by 3.97% to 9.56%， improved humus formation by 12.30% to 24.09%， and enhanced available phosphorus and potassium contents by 14.48% to 32.50% and 6.97% to 18.85%， respectively. Furthermore， T1~T3 reduced NH₃ emissions by 25.86% to 34.26%， increased NO^-₃-N and total nitrogen contents by 12.83% to 43.34% and 5.73% to 13.18%， respectively， and improved the germination index by 11.62% to 29.20%. Among all treatments， T3 demonstrated the best overall performance. During the composting stage， T1~T3 increased the relative abundances of bacterial phyla Bacteroidota， Planctomycetota， and Acidobacteriota， whereas no significant effects were observed during the vermicomposting stage. In addition， T1~T3 enriched the key functional bacterial genera Bacillus， Pseudomonas， and Chryseolinea in both the composting and vermicomposting stages. In conclusion， the addition of 5% lychee wood biochar or/and 0.5% lignin-degrading bacteria to cow dung and rice husk mixture in a coupled composting and vermicomposting system could improve the bacterial community structure， promote organic matter degradation， enhance the degree of humification， reduce nitrogen loss， and improve compost maturity. Notably， the combined addition of lychee wood biochar and lignin-degrading bacteria exhibited the best effects.
- vermicompsoting,
- aerobic composting,
- microbial community,
- humification,
- enzyme activity,
- biochar

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References(46)

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