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2020 Vol. 38, No. 2
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2020, 38(2): 1-15.
doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202002001
Abstract:
Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have attracted much attention in the environment studies, which were successfully applied to the pretreatment and advanced treatment of toxic, harmful and recalcitrant pollutants, due to their stronger oxidizing ability, higher reaction rate, improved biodegradability of wastewater, less secondary pollution, and a wider range of applications. Through a comprehensive investigation and analysis of relevant papers, this paper summarized the characteristics of typical advanced oxidation technologies in wastewater treatment, highlighted the formation mechanisms and behavior principles of active species, and analyzed the influencing factors, advantages and disadvantages of each advanced oxidation technology. Combined with application examples, the particularity and effectiveness of various technologies in decomposing refractory pollutants were emphasized. Meanwhile, it was pointed out that in the multi-scale combination of principle, technology and application, AOPs would bring more extensive academic space and promising prospects for the future of water treatment.
Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have attracted much attention in the environment studies, which were successfully applied to the pretreatment and advanced treatment of toxic, harmful and recalcitrant pollutants, due to their stronger oxidizing ability, higher reaction rate, improved biodegradability of wastewater, less secondary pollution, and a wider range of applications. Through a comprehensive investigation and analysis of relevant papers, this paper summarized the characteristics of typical advanced oxidation technologies in wastewater treatment, highlighted the formation mechanisms and behavior principles of active species, and analyzed the influencing factors, advantages and disadvantages of each advanced oxidation technology. Combined with application examples, the particularity and effectiveness of various technologies in decomposing refractory pollutants were emphasized. Meanwhile, it was pointed out that in the multi-scale combination of principle, technology and application, AOPs would bring more extensive academic space and promising prospects for the future of water treatment.
2020, 38(2): 16-27,15.
doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202002002
Abstract:
As the refractory persistent pollutants, microplastics had serious impacts on soil ecosystem with the increasing concern. Recently, few studies on microplastic effects on soil ecosystem were available. This review focused on recent progress in the sources, distribution, migration degradation, ecological effects and pollution prevention of microplastics in soils. These mainly reflected as follows:1) The main sources, distribution and migration degradation characteristics of microplastics in soil ecosystem were summarized. And the fate characteristics of microplastics in soil ecosystem were revealed; 2) The combined effect of microplastics with other pollutants in soil ecosystem were summarized; 3) The effects of microplastics on soil physical and chemical properties, animals, plants and microorganisms were analyzed, and the influences of microplastics on soil ecosystem were revealed; 4) According to the distribution, degradation, migration and ecological effect of microplastics in soil ecosystem, the pollution prevention measures were proposed. Finally, the paper proposed the research priorities on the soil microplastics in future.
As the refractory persistent pollutants, microplastics had serious impacts on soil ecosystem with the increasing concern. Recently, few studies on microplastic effects on soil ecosystem were available. This review focused on recent progress in the sources, distribution, migration degradation, ecological effects and pollution prevention of microplastics in soils. These mainly reflected as follows:1) The main sources, distribution and migration degradation characteristics of microplastics in soil ecosystem were summarized. And the fate characteristics of microplastics in soil ecosystem were revealed; 2) The combined effect of microplastics with other pollutants in soil ecosystem were summarized; 3) The effects of microplastics on soil physical and chemical properties, animals, plants and microorganisms were analyzed, and the influences of microplastics on soil ecosystem were revealed; 4) According to the distribution, degradation, migration and ecological effect of microplastics in soil ecosystem, the pollution prevention measures were proposed. Finally, the paper proposed the research priorities on the soil microplastics in future.
2020, 38(2): 28-34.
doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202002003
Abstract:
Membrane fouling is a prominent problem that hinders the stable and efficient operation of reverse osmosis (RO) system for wastewater reclamation. Previous studies showed that chlorine disinfection, which was commonly used in RO system as the pretreatment could lead to significant change in microbial community structure and secretion characteristics, resulting in serious biofouling. In order to optimize the selection of pretreatment process for RO system in wastewater reclamation, the effect of ultraviolet (UV) disinfection on the growth, community structure and secretion characteristics of microorganism in reclaimed water was investigated. Results showed that when the UV dose was 20, 40 and 80 mJ/cm2, the inactivation rate of bacteria reached 1, 3 and 4 log, respectively. The lag period of bacterial growth was prolonged after UV disinfection. The biomass in stable period also decreased by 18.6% and 19.2% compared with the control group, when the UV dose was 40 and 80 mJ/cm2. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria phylum, Betaproteobacteria class and Janthinobacterium genus increased at higher UV dose (40, 80 mJ/cm2). In terms of secretion characteristics, the amount of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) decreased firstly and then increased with the increase of UV dose, and the content of macromolecule substances in them increased after UV disinfection, showing higher potential of RO membrane fouling.
Membrane fouling is a prominent problem that hinders the stable and efficient operation of reverse osmosis (RO) system for wastewater reclamation. Previous studies showed that chlorine disinfection, which was commonly used in RO system as the pretreatment could lead to significant change in microbial community structure and secretion characteristics, resulting in serious biofouling. In order to optimize the selection of pretreatment process for RO system in wastewater reclamation, the effect of ultraviolet (UV) disinfection on the growth, community structure and secretion characteristics of microorganism in reclaimed water was investigated. Results showed that when the UV dose was 20, 40 and 80 mJ/cm2, the inactivation rate of bacteria reached 1, 3 and 4 log, respectively. The lag period of bacterial growth was prolonged after UV disinfection. The biomass in stable period also decreased by 18.6% and 19.2% compared with the control group, when the UV dose was 40 and 80 mJ/cm2. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria phylum, Betaproteobacteria class and Janthinobacterium genus increased at higher UV dose (40, 80 mJ/cm2). In terms of secretion characteristics, the amount of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) decreased firstly and then increased with the increase of UV dose, and the content of macromolecule substances in them increased after UV disinfection, showing higher potential of RO membrane fouling.
2020, 38(2): 35-40,69.
doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202002004
Abstract:
Water conservation projects (WCP) are basically involved in the infrastructure industries in the modern society. Hydraulic structures, which play an important role in WCP, are mainly composed of concretes or reinforced concretes. Under long-term operation, they will be affected by microbial corrosion, which will cause structural damages and finally affect their safe operations. The analysis of bacterial community on surface of hydraulic structures is of great significance. The present work focuses on the microbial communities on surface of hydraulic concrete structures (HCS). We expounded the distribution and succession characteristics of bacterial communities under different hydrodynamic conditions and analyzed the response of bacterial community structure and composition on surface of HCS to environmental factors. The results show that:1) The mass loss of concretes was mainly attributed to hydrodynamic and microbial corrosion, in which microbial action played a more significant role; 2) Hydrodynamic conditions didn't significantly affect the composition and succession of microbial communities was surface of HCS; 3) Under flowing water conditions, the succession of microbial communities was accelerated, and the HCS would suffer an earlier microbial corrosion consequently. This study could provide a theoretical and engineering significance for the scientific and safe operation of water conservation projects.
Water conservation projects (WCP) are basically involved in the infrastructure industries in the modern society. Hydraulic structures, which play an important role in WCP, are mainly composed of concretes or reinforced concretes. Under long-term operation, they will be affected by microbial corrosion, which will cause structural damages and finally affect their safe operations. The analysis of bacterial community on surface of hydraulic structures is of great significance. The present work focuses on the microbial communities on surface of hydraulic concrete structures (HCS). We expounded the distribution and succession characteristics of bacterial communities under different hydrodynamic conditions and analyzed the response of bacterial community structure and composition on surface of HCS to environmental factors. The results show that:1) The mass loss of concretes was mainly attributed to hydrodynamic and microbial corrosion, in which microbial action played a more significant role; 2) Hydrodynamic conditions didn't significantly affect the composition and succession of microbial communities was surface of HCS; 3) Under flowing water conditions, the succession of microbial communities was accelerated, and the HCS would suffer an earlier microbial corrosion consequently. This study could provide a theoretical and engineering significance for the scientific and safe operation of water conservation projects.
2020, 38(2): 41-47.
doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202002005
Abstract:
In order to study hydrochemical characteristics of Pingzhai Reservoir, the water source of Qianzhong Water Conservancy Project, Guizhou, the test data of 40 reservoir water samples in 2017-2018 and spatial-temporal distribution of hydrochemical characteristics and the major controlling factors of hydrochemical evolution process of groundwater, were analyzed by means of variation coefficient, spatial interpolation and factor analysis. The results showed that:1) The major anions and cations in Pingzhai Reservoir were HCO3- and Ca2+, and the main hydrochemistry type was HCO3--Ca2+. 2) Except SO42- and NO3-, the ion concentration in dry period was higher than that in wet period. Spatially, the overall ion concentration was greater than that of tributaries in the main stream of Sancha River, and the concentration of Shuigong River was the minimum. 3) Analysis result by Gibbs chart indicated that hydrochemistry characteristics of reservoir water in the study area was mainly affected by rock weathering, and factor analysis showed that the influence sequence on the chemical composition of the reservoir water was as follows:water-rock interaction > human activity > atmospheric precipitation. For the protection of Pingzhai Reservoir, the water source of Qianzhong Water Conservancy Project, it's necessary to control the discharge of domestic sewage as well as the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and improve the management of industrial and mining enterprises in the surrounding areas.
In order to study hydrochemical characteristics of Pingzhai Reservoir, the water source of Qianzhong Water Conservancy Project, Guizhou, the test data of 40 reservoir water samples in 2017-2018 and spatial-temporal distribution of hydrochemical characteristics and the major controlling factors of hydrochemical evolution process of groundwater, were analyzed by means of variation coefficient, spatial interpolation and factor analysis. The results showed that:1) The major anions and cations in Pingzhai Reservoir were HCO3- and Ca2+, and the main hydrochemistry type was HCO3--Ca2+. 2) Except SO42- and NO3-, the ion concentration in dry period was higher than that in wet period. Spatially, the overall ion concentration was greater than that of tributaries in the main stream of Sancha River, and the concentration of Shuigong River was the minimum. 3) Analysis result by Gibbs chart indicated that hydrochemistry characteristics of reservoir water in the study area was mainly affected by rock weathering, and factor analysis showed that the influence sequence on the chemical composition of the reservoir water was as follows:water-rock interaction > human activity > atmospheric precipitation. For the protection of Pingzhai Reservoir, the water source of Qianzhong Water Conservancy Project, it's necessary to control the discharge of domestic sewage as well as the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and improve the management of industrial and mining enterprises in the surrounding areas.
2020, 38(2): 48-54,47.
doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202002006
Abstract:
A CuO-doped expanded graphite composite (CuO/EG) was prepared via impregnation and calcination. The properties including crystalline structure and morphology of CuO/EG were characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The as-prepared catalyst was applied for catalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) wastewater by activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS). TC could be completely degraded by CuO/EG/PMS system within 20 min under the reaction condition of calcination temperature 500℃, doping ratio of CuO to EG of 1:4, 0.2 g/L catalyst and 0.2 g/L PMS. CuO/EG/PMS system demonstrated excellent catalytic performance in a wide range of pH (3~9) and under the coexistence of inorganic anions. Moreover, the CuO/EG catalyst still exhibited good reusability even after 5 successive runs for TC degradation. Quenching experiments confirmed that SO4-·radicals were the dominant reactive species during the degradation process. In addition, CuO/EG/PMS system exhibited satisfactory removal of dyes such as Rhodamine B and acid red G, indicating that the catalyst had a novel universal applicability.
A CuO-doped expanded graphite composite (CuO/EG) was prepared via impregnation and calcination. The properties including crystalline structure and morphology of CuO/EG were characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The as-prepared catalyst was applied for catalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) wastewater by activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS). TC could be completely degraded by CuO/EG/PMS system within 20 min under the reaction condition of calcination temperature 500℃, doping ratio of CuO to EG of 1:4, 0.2 g/L catalyst and 0.2 g/L PMS. CuO/EG/PMS system demonstrated excellent catalytic performance in a wide range of pH (3~9) and under the coexistence of inorganic anions. Moreover, the CuO/EG catalyst still exhibited good reusability even after 5 successive runs for TC degradation. Quenching experiments confirmed that SO4-·radicals were the dominant reactive species during the degradation process. In addition, CuO/EG/PMS system exhibited satisfactory removal of dyes such as Rhodamine B and acid red G, indicating that the catalyst had a novel universal applicability.
2020, 38(2): 55-62.
doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202002007
Abstract:
Magnetic biochar (Fe-SSBC) was prepared from activated sludge containing ferrous sulfate by hydrothermal carbonization at 220℃ for 4 h, achieving sludge reduction at the same time. Using Cd2+ and Pb2+ as the model pollutants, the effect of the Fe-SSBC dosage and the initial pH on the adsorption of Cd2+ and Pb2+ were studied, then the adsorption mechanism was investigated by adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm experiments. The samples were characterized by elemental analysis (EA), X ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), specific surface area (BET), X ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and hysteresis loop. The results showed that optimal condition for the best Cd2+ adsorption by Fe-SSBC was dosage of 0.2 g under pH=5, after 10 h, and the removal rate was close to 100%; while that for Pb2+ adsorption was dosage of 0.3 g under pH=6, after 8.5 h, and the removal rate was close to 100%. The adsorption kinetics of Cd2+ and Pb2+ by Fe-SSBC fitted the second-order kinetic model. The adsorption isotherm model of Langmuir could better fit the monolayer adsorption of Cd2+ and Pb2+ on Fe-SSBC. Chemisorption controlled the rate of adsorption process, and there was physical adsorption at the same time. In this study, sludge reduction was achieved by hydrothermal carbonization, meanwhile, a adsorbent was prepared to remove Cd2+ and Pb2+ effectively from water.
Magnetic biochar (Fe-SSBC) was prepared from activated sludge containing ferrous sulfate by hydrothermal carbonization at 220℃ for 4 h, achieving sludge reduction at the same time. Using Cd2+ and Pb2+ as the model pollutants, the effect of the Fe-SSBC dosage and the initial pH on the adsorption of Cd2+ and Pb2+ were studied, then the adsorption mechanism was investigated by adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm experiments. The samples were characterized by elemental analysis (EA), X ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), specific surface area (BET), X ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and hysteresis loop. The results showed that optimal condition for the best Cd2+ adsorption by Fe-SSBC was dosage of 0.2 g under pH=5, after 10 h, and the removal rate was close to 100%; while that for Pb2+ adsorption was dosage of 0.3 g under pH=6, after 8.5 h, and the removal rate was close to 100%. The adsorption kinetics of Cd2+ and Pb2+ by Fe-SSBC fitted the second-order kinetic model. The adsorption isotherm model of Langmuir could better fit the monolayer adsorption of Cd2+ and Pb2+ on Fe-SSBC. Chemisorption controlled the rate of adsorption process, and there was physical adsorption at the same time. In this study, sludge reduction was achieved by hydrothermal carbonization, meanwhile, a adsorbent was prepared to remove Cd2+ and Pb2+ effectively from water.
2020, 38(2): 63-69.
doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202002008
Abstract:
The photocatalysts Pt/TNTs and Pt/TiO2 were prepared by doping Pt by photodeposition method. Characterization of the catalysts was conducted by SEM, TEM, XRD and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The effect of methanol concentration and Pt doping content on hydrogen production was investigated. And the hydrogen production efficiency of TiO2, TNTs, Pt/TiO2 and Pt/TNTs under UV-light (320~400 nm) and visible light (400~700 nm) was compared. The results showed that Pt doping shifted the photocatalysts absorbance into the visible light region. Because of the higher specific surface area of TNTs than TiO2, more Pt could be loaded, which effectively transfered electronholes to the genus, reduced the probability of recombination of electrons and electrons holes, and increased the photocatalytic effect. Pt/TNTs showed higher hydrogen production efficiency under both UV-light and visible light. Under Pt doping proportion of 1%(by mass), the hydrogen production rate of Pt/TNTs could achieve 2331 μmol/h under UV light and 137.7 μmol/h under visible light with 20% methanol solution(by volume). Compared with other literatures, the visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen production system in this study had resonable development potential.
The photocatalysts Pt/TNTs and Pt/TiO2 were prepared by doping Pt by photodeposition method. Characterization of the catalysts was conducted by SEM, TEM, XRD and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The effect of methanol concentration and Pt doping content on hydrogen production was investigated. And the hydrogen production efficiency of TiO2, TNTs, Pt/TiO2 and Pt/TNTs under UV-light (320~400 nm) and visible light (400~700 nm) was compared. The results showed that Pt doping shifted the photocatalysts absorbance into the visible light region. Because of the higher specific surface area of TNTs than TiO2, more Pt could be loaded, which effectively transfered electronholes to the genus, reduced the probability of recombination of electrons and electrons holes, and increased the photocatalytic effect. Pt/TNTs showed higher hydrogen production efficiency under both UV-light and visible light. Under Pt doping proportion of 1%(by mass), the hydrogen production rate of Pt/TNTs could achieve 2331 μmol/h under UV light and 137.7 μmol/h under visible light with 20% methanol solution(by volume). Compared with other literatures, the visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen production system in this study had resonable development potential.
2020, 38(2): 70-76.
doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202002009
Abstract:
In this study, the anatase TiO2 samples were obtained by hydrolysis at 50℃. The as-prepared TiO2 samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Brunner Emmet Teller. Then the adsorption behavior of fluoride ion onto the as-prepared TiO2 from water was studied. The results showed that the as-prepared TiO2 samples had a specific surface area of 278.93 m2/g. The maximum adsorption capacity of the TiO2 adsorbents could reach 30.02 mg/g according to Langmuir model. The adsorption process could be well descripted by the Langmuir isothermal equation and the pseudo first-order equation. The adsorption process was confirmed to be a spontaneous and exothermic process, which was prominently conducted through electrostatic attraction.
In this study, the anatase TiO2 samples were obtained by hydrolysis at 50℃. The as-prepared TiO2 samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Brunner Emmet Teller. Then the adsorption behavior of fluoride ion onto the as-prepared TiO2 from water was studied. The results showed that the as-prepared TiO2 samples had a specific surface area of 278.93 m2/g. The maximum adsorption capacity of the TiO2 adsorbents could reach 30.02 mg/g according to Langmuir model. The adsorption process could be well descripted by the Langmuir isothermal equation and the pseudo first-order equation. The adsorption process was confirmed to be a spontaneous and exothermic process, which was prominently conducted through electrostatic attraction.
2020, 38(2): 77-80,127.
doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202002010
Abstract:
In order to study the physiological response of Chlorella pyrenoidosa biofilm and removal efficiency on cadmium(Cd), the physiological activity indexes, such as chlorophyll a, nitrate reductase and extracellular polysaccharide (EPS), were analyzed in different initial concentrations of wastewater containing Cd. Additionally, the removal efficiencies of Cd by Chlorella pyrenoidosa biofilm in different concentrations of Cd were compared. Result showed that:the growth of Chlorella pyrenoidosa biofilm and its amount of nitrate reductase were inhibited by Cd, and the degree of inhibition became stronger in higher concentration of Cd; when the concentration of Cd reached 20 mg/L, it would lead to the death of some algae biofilms; Cd would inhibite the production of EPS in Chlorella pyrenoidosa biofilm, but with the increase of contact time, Cd stimulated the biofilm to secrete a small amount of EPS to prevent metal ions from entering algal cells. The Chlorella pyrenoidosa biofilm had a good effect on removal of Cd. When the concentration of Cd was 15 mg/L, Chlorella pyrenoidosa biofilm had the highest removal efficiency on Cd, which could reach 89.83%.
In order to study the physiological response of Chlorella pyrenoidosa biofilm and removal efficiency on cadmium(Cd), the physiological activity indexes, such as chlorophyll a, nitrate reductase and extracellular polysaccharide (EPS), were analyzed in different initial concentrations of wastewater containing Cd. Additionally, the removal efficiencies of Cd by Chlorella pyrenoidosa biofilm in different concentrations of Cd were compared. Result showed that:the growth of Chlorella pyrenoidosa biofilm and its amount of nitrate reductase were inhibited by Cd, and the degree of inhibition became stronger in higher concentration of Cd; when the concentration of Cd reached 20 mg/L, it would lead to the death of some algae biofilms; Cd would inhibite the production of EPS in Chlorella pyrenoidosa biofilm, but with the increase of contact time, Cd stimulated the biofilm to secrete a small amount of EPS to prevent metal ions from entering algal cells. The Chlorella pyrenoidosa biofilm had a good effect on removal of Cd. When the concentration of Cd was 15 mg/L, Chlorella pyrenoidosa biofilm had the highest removal efficiency on Cd, which could reach 89.83%.
2020, 38(2): 81-85,139.
doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202002011
Abstract:
Removal and recovery of phosphate from simulated supernatant of sewage sludge anaerobic digestion effluent were compared using CaO, MgO and dolemite lime(D-Lime)as the crystal seeds respectively, and the kinetics and the surface morphology of the products were analyzed. The results indicated that the removal rate of phosphate were all over 95% using the three crystal, seeds with the condition of initial phosphorus concentration of 0.645 mmol/L, molar ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus of 8:1, and pH value of 7.80. The phosphorus recovery resction was subject to the first order model. However, The high concentration of CO32- significantly inhibited the phosphorus removal rate while the CaO was used, but the decline of phosphorus removal rate were limited when the crystal seed was MgO or D-Lime. Moreover, the experimental results also demonstrated that MAP crystals could be obtained in the presence of crystal seed containing Mg2+.
Removal and recovery of phosphate from simulated supernatant of sewage sludge anaerobic digestion effluent were compared using CaO, MgO and dolemite lime(D-Lime)as the crystal seeds respectively, and the kinetics and the surface morphology of the products were analyzed. The results indicated that the removal rate of phosphate were all over 95% using the three crystal, seeds with the condition of initial phosphorus concentration of 0.645 mmol/L, molar ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus of 8:1, and pH value of 7.80. The phosphorus recovery resction was subject to the first order model. However, The high concentration of CO32- significantly inhibited the phosphorus removal rate while the CaO was used, but the decline of phosphorus removal rate were limited when the crystal seed was MgO or D-Lime. Moreover, the experimental results also demonstrated that MAP crystals could be obtained in the presence of crystal seed containing Mg2+.
2020, 38(2): 86-90,76.
doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202002012
Abstract:
Using a portable emission test system (PEMS), a domestic river vessel fueled with B10 kitchen waste grease biodiesel (kitchen waste oil biodiesel volume fraction of 10%, diesel volume fraction of 90%) for actual operating condition test. Under the condition of outbound and inbound port, CO, THC, NOx and PM emission rates fluctuated significantly. In cruise condition, CO、THC and PM emission rates were relatively stable, and NOx emission fluctuated within a certain range with changes in air flow. Compared with the emission of gaseous and particulate matter in burning pure diesel, when the ship burning burning B10 biodiesel, the CO emission factor decreased by 20.37%, 24.39% and 6.05% in the outbound, cruise and inbound condition, THC decreased by 8.2%, 8.13% and 25.23%, PM decreased by 53.11%, 22.38% and 36.55%, PN decreased by 14.17%, 18.75% and 46.47%; in the port condition, the NOx emission factor decreased by 54.28% and 40.39%. In cruise condition, NOx increased by 10.45%. The particle matters emitted by the two fuels all showed a bimodal distribution with the particle size, and the peak particle size was nearly the same. The amount of nuclear particulate matter decreased significantly when fueling B10 biodiesel. The test proved that ships fueled with B10 biodiesel could effectively reduce emissions of gaseous and particulate matters.
Using a portable emission test system (PEMS), a domestic river vessel fueled with B10 kitchen waste grease biodiesel (kitchen waste oil biodiesel volume fraction of 10%, diesel volume fraction of 90%) for actual operating condition test. Under the condition of outbound and inbound port, CO, THC, NOx and PM emission rates fluctuated significantly. In cruise condition, CO、THC and PM emission rates were relatively stable, and NOx emission fluctuated within a certain range with changes in air flow. Compared with the emission of gaseous and particulate matter in burning pure diesel, when the ship burning burning B10 biodiesel, the CO emission factor decreased by 20.37%, 24.39% and 6.05% in the outbound, cruise and inbound condition, THC decreased by 8.2%, 8.13% and 25.23%, PM decreased by 53.11%, 22.38% and 36.55%, PN decreased by 14.17%, 18.75% and 46.47%; in the port condition, the NOx emission factor decreased by 54.28% and 40.39%. In cruise condition, NOx increased by 10.45%. The particle matters emitted by the two fuels all showed a bimodal distribution with the particle size, and the peak particle size was nearly the same. The amount of nuclear particulate matter decreased significantly when fueling B10 biodiesel. The test proved that ships fueled with B10 biodiesel could effectively reduce emissions of gaseous and particulate matters.
2020, 38(2): 91-98.
doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202002013
Abstract:
In order to study the consistency between air quality index (AQI) and various concentration series of pollutants in a city, as well as the similarities of each pollutant between its neighbor cities, a multi-scale cross-trend sample entropy (MCTSE) was proposed in this paper. The new method could be used to characterize the consistency of two series, and each of which had trend on different scales. It was applied to investigate the consistency between AQI and concentration series of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO and O3 in four seasons in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan. The same method was also used to study the similarities of each pollutant between every two of these three cities. It provided a theoretical basis for finding pollution sources that affected the air quality of these cities and jointly preventing and controlling air pollution. Finally, the aim of air pollution prevention and control was formulated, and the feasible countermeasures were put forward.
In order to study the consistency between air quality index (AQI) and various concentration series of pollutants in a city, as well as the similarities of each pollutant between its neighbor cities, a multi-scale cross-trend sample entropy (MCTSE) was proposed in this paper. The new method could be used to characterize the consistency of two series, and each of which had trend on different scales. It was applied to investigate the consistency between AQI and concentration series of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO and O3 in four seasons in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan. The same method was also used to study the similarities of each pollutant between every two of these three cities. It provided a theoretical basis for finding pollution sources that affected the air quality of these cities and jointly preventing and controlling air pollution. Finally, the aim of air pollution prevention and control was formulated, and the feasible countermeasures were put forward.
2020, 38(2): 99-106,134.
doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202002014
Abstract:
The problem of air pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region (B-T-H region) and its surrounding area is prominent, and heavy pollution weather occurs frequently in autumn and winter, which is the main battlefield of air pollution prevention and control in China. In order to understand the source of PM2.5 pollution in this area and analyze the relationship between PM2.5 pollution and meteorological factors, this paper engaged the air quality monitoring stations in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei region in 2017 to achieve meteorological data such as air pressure, wind speed, relative humidity, temperature and precipitation. In combination with the spatial interpolation method of ArcGIS software and Pearson correlation analysis of SPSS 21.0, the cluster analysis of backward trajectory of Lagrangian mixed diffusion model HYSPLIT was adopted. The main air mass transmission tracks in Beijing were discussed, and the potential source contribution factors were calculated with GDAS meteorological data. The results showed:1) In 2017, the average annual mass concentration of PM2.5 in the B-T-H region was 64.4 μg/m3, which was 11.5% lower than that in 2016, and the proportion of days meeting the air quality standard for the whole year was 74.2%. 2) There was a positive correlation between the mass concentration of PM2.5 and air pressure and relative humidity, of which the correlation between air pressure index and PM2.5 was the highest. There was a negative correlation between mass concentration of PM2.5 and wind speed, sunshine duration, temperature and precipitation, and the correlation between sunshine duration and PM2.5 was the highest. From the relationship between PM2.5 and meteorological factors in different seasons, winter was the most significant. 3) In terms of time scale, most serious pollution took place in winter and released in autumn and spring. And PM2.5 in summer, excellent/good grade accounted for 92.4% above. Average PM2.5 concentration was the highest in January. 4) In the spatial range, the whole B-T-H region showed a higher level in the south and lower in the north, with the lowest concentration of PM2.5 in Chengde, Zhangjiakou and Qinhuangdao in the north, and the serious pollution in Shijiazhuang and Handan. 5) The results of source analysis showed that Beijing was mainly affected by local pollution sources in winter. In the spring and winter, the PSCF value of the source contribution factor in the surrounding region was greater than 0.4, and there was a certain source contribution of PM2.5 pollution to Beijing in Hebei, Shandong and Henan.
The problem of air pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region (B-T-H region) and its surrounding area is prominent, and heavy pollution weather occurs frequently in autumn and winter, which is the main battlefield of air pollution prevention and control in China. In order to understand the source of PM2.5 pollution in this area and analyze the relationship between PM2.5 pollution and meteorological factors, this paper engaged the air quality monitoring stations in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei region in 2017 to achieve meteorological data such as air pressure, wind speed, relative humidity, temperature and precipitation. In combination with the spatial interpolation method of ArcGIS software and Pearson correlation analysis of SPSS 21.0, the cluster analysis of backward trajectory of Lagrangian mixed diffusion model HYSPLIT was adopted. The main air mass transmission tracks in Beijing were discussed, and the potential source contribution factors were calculated with GDAS meteorological data. The results showed:1) In 2017, the average annual mass concentration of PM2.5 in the B-T-H region was 64.4 μg/m3, which was 11.5% lower than that in 2016, and the proportion of days meeting the air quality standard for the whole year was 74.2%. 2) There was a positive correlation between the mass concentration of PM2.5 and air pressure and relative humidity, of which the correlation between air pressure index and PM2.5 was the highest. There was a negative correlation between mass concentration of PM2.5 and wind speed, sunshine duration, temperature and precipitation, and the correlation between sunshine duration and PM2.5 was the highest. From the relationship between PM2.5 and meteorological factors in different seasons, winter was the most significant. 3) In terms of time scale, most serious pollution took place in winter and released in autumn and spring. And PM2.5 in summer, excellent/good grade accounted for 92.4% above. Average PM2.5 concentration was the highest in January. 4) In the spatial range, the whole B-T-H region showed a higher level in the south and lower in the north, with the lowest concentration of PM2.5 in Chengde, Zhangjiakou and Qinhuangdao in the north, and the serious pollution in Shijiazhuang and Handan. 5) The results of source analysis showed that Beijing was mainly affected by local pollution sources in winter. In the spring and winter, the PSCF value of the source contribution factor in the surrounding region was greater than 0.4, and there was a certain source contribution of PM2.5 pollution to Beijing in Hebei, Shandong and Henan.
2020, 38(2): 107-113.
doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202002015
Abstract:
In view of the nonlinear and volatility characteristics of PM10 concentration time series, this paper presented a prediction model of PM10 concentration based on complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN)-sample entropy (SE)-long short-term memory (LSTM). The original PM10 concentration time series were decomposed into several sub-sequences with obvious complexity differences by CEEMDAN-SE. Then, an appropriate LSTM prediction model was built by adding meteorological parameters to each different sub-sequence. The final results were got by adding the prediction results. The data of four monitoring stations in Tangshan was used to implement simulation experiment, and the results confirmed that the proposed prediction model showed high prediction precision, and good universality, comparing with other prediction models.
In view of the nonlinear and volatility characteristics of PM10 concentration time series, this paper presented a prediction model of PM10 concentration based on complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN)-sample entropy (SE)-long short-term memory (LSTM). The original PM10 concentration time series were decomposed into several sub-sequences with obvious complexity differences by CEEMDAN-SE. Then, an appropriate LSTM prediction model was built by adding meteorological parameters to each different sub-sequence. The final results were got by adding the prediction results. The data of four monitoring stations in Tangshan was used to implement simulation experiment, and the results confirmed that the proposed prediction model showed high prediction precision, and good universality, comparing with other prediction models.
2020, 38(2): 114-121.
doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202002016
Abstract:
Air pollution seriously affects people's production, life and health. Analysis on tempo-spatial distribution of air pollutants and their sources is the basis and prerequisite for air pollution control. Based on the real-time air quality monitoring data, the main pollutant concentration data and meteorological elements data of Jinan from 2014 to 2018, this paper analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and sources of air pollutants in Jinan by using correlation analysis method and BP neural network prediction model, and forecasted 6 major pollutants in Jinan.The results showed that the air quality revealed an improving trend year by year. The concentration of the majority pollutants in winter was higher than that in summer, and air quality in non-heating period was better than that in heating period. From the perspective of diurnal variation, the peak period of commuting was the most serious pollution period. Spatially, the pollution of urban periphery was more serious than that of urban. PM10 was becoming the most serious pollutant, and the pollution caused by vehicle exhaust emission was increasing significantly. Strengthening the control of air pollution in suburbs and rural areas, especially the monitoring and control of large particulate matters, and reducing vehicle exhaust pollution by means of vehicle restriction were the main ways to further improve the air quality of Jinan.By prediction result of pollutants concentration, and its analysis for the next three years, we further put forward the pollution control optimization scheme to improve atmospheric pollution in Jinan.
Air pollution seriously affects people's production, life and health. Analysis on tempo-spatial distribution of air pollutants and their sources is the basis and prerequisite for air pollution control. Based on the real-time air quality monitoring data, the main pollutant concentration data and meteorological elements data of Jinan from 2014 to 2018, this paper analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and sources of air pollutants in Jinan by using correlation analysis method and BP neural network prediction model, and forecasted 6 major pollutants in Jinan.The results showed that the air quality revealed an improving trend year by year. The concentration of the majority pollutants in winter was higher than that in summer, and air quality in non-heating period was better than that in heating period. From the perspective of diurnal variation, the peak period of commuting was the most serious pollution period. Spatially, the pollution of urban periphery was more serious than that of urban. PM10 was becoming the most serious pollutant, and the pollution caused by vehicle exhaust emission was increasing significantly. Strengthening the control of air pollution in suburbs and rural areas, especially the monitoring and control of large particulate matters, and reducing vehicle exhaust pollution by means of vehicle restriction were the main ways to further improve the air quality of Jinan.By prediction result of pollutants concentration, and its analysis for the next three years, we further put forward the pollution control optimization scheme to improve atmospheric pollution in Jinan.
2020, 38(2): 128-134.
doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202002017
Abstract:
The effect of air-flow rate on bio-drying was studied in the bio-drying experiments on typical organic waste. The experiment set three gradients of air-flow rate using typical organic wastes, such as fruits and vegetables, kitchen waste and garden waste as the raw materials. The comparison of temperature, moisture contents (MC) and volatile solid (VS) showed that the air-flow rate would significantly affect the bio-drying index air efficiencies and lower heating value (LHV). On the condition of lower air-flow rate, the reactor temperature rose rapidly and the air efficiency would be higher, but had poor ability to carry water vapor, which was difficult to effectively remove the moisture content; under the condition of higher air-flow rate, it was hard for the reactor to maintain higher temperature with more heat loss, but got the lowest final moisture content. At an air-flow rate of 48 L/(kg·h), the final moisture content could be reduced to 13.97%,and the bio-drying index was 2.34. The final LHV was found as high as 13932 kJ/kg, increased by 322% compared with initial one, which met the requirement of refuse derived fuel(RDF) production and improved the bio-drying effect at a lower energy consumption.
The effect of air-flow rate on bio-drying was studied in the bio-drying experiments on typical organic waste. The experiment set three gradients of air-flow rate using typical organic wastes, such as fruits and vegetables, kitchen waste and garden waste as the raw materials. The comparison of temperature, moisture contents (MC) and volatile solid (VS) showed that the air-flow rate would significantly affect the bio-drying index air efficiencies and lower heating value (LHV). On the condition of lower air-flow rate, the reactor temperature rose rapidly and the air efficiency would be higher, but had poor ability to carry water vapor, which was difficult to effectively remove the moisture content; under the condition of higher air-flow rate, it was hard for the reactor to maintain higher temperature with more heat loss, but got the lowest final moisture content. At an air-flow rate of 48 L/(kg·h), the final moisture content could be reduced to 13.97%,and the bio-drying index was 2.34. The final LHV was found as high as 13932 kJ/kg, increased by 322% compared with initial one, which met the requirement of refuse derived fuel(RDF) production and improved the bio-drying effect at a lower energy consumption.
2020, 38(2): 135-139.
doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202002018
Abstract:
This paper introduced an engineering design example of disposal of local domestic waste by pyrolysis gasification technology in a county in Hebei province, with a treating capacity of 400 t/d. A combined process including pretreatment, pyrolysis gasification and sintering brick was applied in the project,and that complied with the circular economy theory.
This paper introduced an engineering design example of disposal of local domestic waste by pyrolysis gasification technology in a county in Hebei province, with a treating capacity of 400 t/d. A combined process including pretreatment, pyrolysis gasification and sintering brick was applied in the project,and that complied with the circular economy theory.
2020, 38(2): 140-146.
doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202002019
Abstract:
In order to provide a basis for the remediation of severely contaminated soil with salt, Zn and Mn, a pot experiment was conducted by adding combined modifier (TH-SM01) to the polluted soil and planting landscape plants. The salt, Zn and Mn tolerance capacity of plants, and the effect of TH-SM01 on the soil total salt content, Zn and Mn available contents were studied in the experiment. The results showed that bird of paradise flower (Strelitzia reginae Aiton) had strong salt, Zn and Mn tolerance, and could be used preferentially in the heavy salt, Zn and Mn contaminated soil. The salt tolerance of the four plants, redflowered loropetalum (Loropetalum chinense (R. Br.) Oliver var. rubrum Yieh), michelia figo (Michelia figo (Lour.) Spreng.), fragrant flower (Osmanthus fragrans (Thunb.) Loureiro), and bougainvillea glabra (Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd.) were inferior to that of birdofparadise flower, but they could still grow with TH-SM01 applying. In addition, michelia figo and bougainvillea glabra could hyperaccumulate Mn. Adding TH-SM01 into the soil could reduce the soil total salt content, and TH-SM01 could continue to play the role of desalination after being planted for three months. TH-SM01 could increase soil pH, but the increase trend was decreasing with the extension of applying time. At the same time, TH-SM01 could reduce the content of DTPA-Zn and DTPA-Mn in soil, especially DTPA-Mn content. The reduction rate of DTPA-Mn content was 94.45%~96.21% after being planted for three months. Therefore, the measure that applying TH-SM01 to reduce salt, DTPA-Zn, DTPA-Mn content in soil, and planting tolerant plants, to remediate severely contaminated soil with salt, Zn and Mn, was proved to be feasible.
In order to provide a basis for the remediation of severely contaminated soil with salt, Zn and Mn, a pot experiment was conducted by adding combined modifier (TH-SM01) to the polluted soil and planting landscape plants. The salt, Zn and Mn tolerance capacity of plants, and the effect of TH-SM01 on the soil total salt content, Zn and Mn available contents were studied in the experiment. The results showed that bird of paradise flower (Strelitzia reginae Aiton) had strong salt, Zn and Mn tolerance, and could be used preferentially in the heavy salt, Zn and Mn contaminated soil. The salt tolerance of the four plants, redflowered loropetalum (Loropetalum chinense (R. Br.) Oliver var. rubrum Yieh), michelia figo (Michelia figo (Lour.) Spreng.), fragrant flower (Osmanthus fragrans (Thunb.) Loureiro), and bougainvillea glabra (Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd.) were inferior to that of birdofparadise flower, but they could still grow with TH-SM01 applying. In addition, michelia figo and bougainvillea glabra could hyperaccumulate Mn. Adding TH-SM01 into the soil could reduce the soil total salt content, and TH-SM01 could continue to play the role of desalination after being planted for three months. TH-SM01 could increase soil pH, but the increase trend was decreasing with the extension of applying time. At the same time, TH-SM01 could reduce the content of DTPA-Zn and DTPA-Mn in soil, especially DTPA-Mn content. The reduction rate of DTPA-Mn content was 94.45%~96.21% after being planted for three months. Therefore, the measure that applying TH-SM01 to reduce salt, DTPA-Zn, DTPA-Mn content in soil, and planting tolerant plants, to remediate severely contaminated soil with salt, Zn and Mn, was proved to be feasible.
2020, 38(2): 147-152.
doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202002020
Abstract:
The effects of acid-thermal activation, sulfhydryl organisation and hydroxyl iron-aluminum pillaring modified sepiolite as adsorbent to fix V(Ⅴ) in soil were studied. Batch adsorption tests were carried out to investigate the effects of adsorbent addition, adsorption time, and initial V(Ⅴ) concentration on adsorption. The Langmuir and Freundlich isothermal adsorption curves were used to explore the adsorption effect and mechanism of soil system added with modified sepiolite on V(Ⅴ). The results showed that after modification the specific surface area of sepiolite increased, the structure changed, and the adsorption capacity enhanced. The maximum adsorption amount of hydroxyl iron-aluminum pillaring modified sepiolite (F-SEP), acid-thermal activation (H-SEP), and sulfhydryl organisation (S-SEP) applied soils were 2159.71, 1619.57, 936.57 mg/kg, respectively. The adsorption of V(Ⅴ) in soil by modified sepiolite was a single molecular layer physical adsorption. The desorption test showed that S-SEP had the highest desorption rate, while the desorption rate of F-SEP and H-SEP was lower. The H-SEP and F-SEP had better adsorption effect on V(Ⅴ) in soil than S-SEP, when the dosage was 5%, their solidification rate was 30.24% and 22.67%, respectively. Thus, sepiolite modified by acid-thermal activation, sulfhydryl organisation and hydroxyl iron-aluminum pillaring could be used as potential adsorbent for the treatment of vanadium polluted soils, but the stability of F-SEP still needs to be improved.
The effects of acid-thermal activation, sulfhydryl organisation and hydroxyl iron-aluminum pillaring modified sepiolite as adsorbent to fix V(Ⅴ) in soil were studied. Batch adsorption tests were carried out to investigate the effects of adsorbent addition, adsorption time, and initial V(Ⅴ) concentration on adsorption. The Langmuir and Freundlich isothermal adsorption curves were used to explore the adsorption effect and mechanism of soil system added with modified sepiolite on V(Ⅴ). The results showed that after modification the specific surface area of sepiolite increased, the structure changed, and the adsorption capacity enhanced. The maximum adsorption amount of hydroxyl iron-aluminum pillaring modified sepiolite (F-SEP), acid-thermal activation (H-SEP), and sulfhydryl organisation (S-SEP) applied soils were 2159.71, 1619.57, 936.57 mg/kg, respectively. The adsorption of V(Ⅴ) in soil by modified sepiolite was a single molecular layer physical adsorption. The desorption test showed that S-SEP had the highest desorption rate, while the desorption rate of F-SEP and H-SEP was lower. The H-SEP and F-SEP had better adsorption effect on V(Ⅴ) in soil than S-SEP, when the dosage was 5%, their solidification rate was 30.24% and 22.67%, respectively. Thus, sepiolite modified by acid-thermal activation, sulfhydryl organisation and hydroxyl iron-aluminum pillaring could be used as potential adsorbent for the treatment of vanadium polluted soils, but the stability of F-SEP still needs to be improved.
2020, 38(2): 153-159.
doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202002022
Abstract:
In order to solve the problem that the ground PM2.5 measurement was limited in spatial and temporal coverage, satellite aerosol optical depth AOD with wide spatial-temporal coverage and stacking method were proposed to establish a PM2.5 concentration estimation model. The AOD and meteorological parameter and PM2.5 emissions related data were trained for building the model, and the improved grid search algorithm was used to optimize the hyperparameters of each model. Based on multi-collinearity analysis, the optimal PM2.5 concentration estimation model based on Stacking was established. The data between January 1st, 2016 to December 31st, 2016, was selected as the experimental object. The experimental results showed that the performance of the stacking model using ridge regression as the meta-learner was better than that of the random forest, GBRT and XGBoost model. It was concluded that the stacking model was applicable for air pollution monitoring in a large geographical area.
In order to solve the problem that the ground PM2.5 measurement was limited in spatial and temporal coverage, satellite aerosol optical depth AOD with wide spatial-temporal coverage and stacking method were proposed to establish a PM2.5 concentration estimation model. The AOD and meteorological parameter and PM2.5 emissions related data were trained for building the model, and the improved grid search algorithm was used to optimize the hyperparameters of each model. Based on multi-collinearity analysis, the optimal PM2.5 concentration estimation model based on Stacking was established. The data between January 1st, 2016 to December 31st, 2016, was selected as the experimental object. The experimental results showed that the performance of the stacking model using ridge regression as the meta-learner was better than that of the random forest, GBRT and XGBoost model. It was concluded that the stacking model was applicable for air pollution monitoring in a large geographical area.
2020, 38(2): 160-165,152.
doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202002023
Abstract:
Aiming at the difficulty of the fugitive area source intensity accounting in the field of environmental impact assessment of construction projects, a method based on the concentration of CALPUFF model to reverse the fugitive area source intensity was proposed. Taking an industrial park composed of multiple fugitive area sources as the example, the typical pollutant, SO2 emitted from the park was selected to calculate and verify the source intensity of the fugitive area sources obtained based on this method. The research results showed that the pollutant emitted from the park in this case had a great impact on the surrounding environment, and accorded with the actual situation that the regional pollutants exceed the standard. For the dynamically changing fugitive area source, the CALPUFF model with concentration reverse method was applied, and the calculated grading source intensity could quantitatively describe the variation range of the fugitive area source; the obtained average source intensity was universal and representative. It could quantify the general situation of effect of multiple fugitive unsteady area sources on the surrounding environment. Therefore, it was feasible and reasonable to calculate the fugitive area source intensity based on the CALPUFF with concentration reverse method.
Aiming at the difficulty of the fugitive area source intensity accounting in the field of environmental impact assessment of construction projects, a method based on the concentration of CALPUFF model to reverse the fugitive area source intensity was proposed. Taking an industrial park composed of multiple fugitive area sources as the example, the typical pollutant, SO2 emitted from the park was selected to calculate and verify the source intensity of the fugitive area sources obtained based on this method. The research results showed that the pollutant emitted from the park in this case had a great impact on the surrounding environment, and accorded with the actual situation that the regional pollutants exceed the standard. For the dynamically changing fugitive area source, the CALPUFF model with concentration reverse method was applied, and the calculated grading source intensity could quantitatively describe the variation range of the fugitive area source; the obtained average source intensity was universal and representative. It could quantify the general situation of effect of multiple fugitive unsteady area sources on the surrounding environment. Therefore, it was feasible and reasonable to calculate the fugitive area source intensity based on the CALPUFF with concentration reverse method.
2020, 38(2): 166-170,146.
doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202002024
Abstract:
Based on the environmental statistical data of "12th Five Year Plan" in Jilin province, this study analyzed the regional disparity of livestock and poultry breeding in Jilin province and evaluated the environmental risk by means of unit density of livestock and poultry, total nitrogen (phosphorus) load and pig nitrogen (phosphorus) density, and total nitrogen (phosphorus) pollution risk of cultivated land. The results showed that:1) there were more livestock and poultry cultivation in the central region of Jilin province, followed by the western region, while the eastern and southeast regions had the least distribution characteristics; 2) the total nitrogen (phosphorus) production of livestock and poultry cultivation in the study area were 231800, 260700 t respectively, among which the total nitrogen (phosphorus) production in Tumen was the lowest, while that in Changchun and Nongan region in the central region was the highest; 3) total nitrogen pollution of cultivated land in all regions was relatively light, just in rank of no pollution, low pollution and medium pollution, while the total phosphorus pollution was relatively more serious, with a higher proportion of sub-high risk and high risk. The research results could provide support for the decision-making of the layout adjustment of livestock and poultry breeding industry, environmental pollution control and utilization of livestock and poultry manure resources in Jilin.
Based on the environmental statistical data of "12th Five Year Plan" in Jilin province, this study analyzed the regional disparity of livestock and poultry breeding in Jilin province and evaluated the environmental risk by means of unit density of livestock and poultry, total nitrogen (phosphorus) load and pig nitrogen (phosphorus) density, and total nitrogen (phosphorus) pollution risk of cultivated land. The results showed that:1) there were more livestock and poultry cultivation in the central region of Jilin province, followed by the western region, while the eastern and southeast regions had the least distribution characteristics; 2) the total nitrogen (phosphorus) production of livestock and poultry cultivation in the study area were 231800, 260700 t respectively, among which the total nitrogen (phosphorus) production in Tumen was the lowest, while that in Changchun and Nongan region in the central region was the highest; 3) total nitrogen pollution of cultivated land in all regions was relatively light, just in rank of no pollution, low pollution and medium pollution, while the total phosphorus pollution was relatively more serious, with a higher proportion of sub-high risk and high risk. The research results could provide support for the decision-making of the layout adjustment of livestock and poultry breeding industry, environmental pollution control and utilization of livestock and poultry manure resources in Jilin.
